What is 'Plaster of Paris' chemically?  How is it obtained from gypsum?  Write the condition and chemical equation involved in its manufacture.

3

(a)

(a) Write the chemical name and formula of bleaching powder.
(b) Why does bleaching powder smell of chlorine when exposed to air?
(c) Write chemical equation to represent the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on bleaching powder

3

(a)

(i) Name the raw materials used in the manufacture of sodium carbonate by Solvay process.

(ii) How is the sodium hydrogen carbonate formed during Solvay process separated from a mixture of \(NH_4Cl\) and \(NaHCO_3\)?

(iii) How is sodium carbonate obtained from sodium hydrogen carbonate?

3

(a)

(a) What is the action on litmus of:

     (i) Dry ammonia gas

     (ii) Solution of ammonia gas in water

(b) State the observations you would make on adding ammonium hydroxide to aqueous solutions of:

3

(a)

What are the uses of washing soda?

3

(a)

Differentiate between strong and weak acids. Identify the strong and weak acids from the following list of acids: hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, formic acid, nitric acid.

3

(a)

Name the acid present in the following:
(i) Tomato, (ii) Vinegar, (iii) Tamarind

3

(a)

15 mL of water and 10 mL of sulphuric acid are to be mixed in a beaker
(i) State the method that should be followed with reason.
(ii) What is this process called?

3

(a)

Illustrate any three chemical properties of acids with examples.

3

(a)

Define water of crystallisation with two examples. How will you prove their existence in the examples given by you? 

3

(a)

(i) What is meant by the term hydrated salt?
(ii) Give two examples of hydrated salt which are white and state their chemical formula.

3

(a)

"Sodium hydrogen carbonate is a basic salt." Justify the statement. How is it converted into washing soda? Explain.

3

(a)

Explain the action of dilute hydrochloric acid on the following with chemical equation:
(i) magnesium ribbon
(ii) sodium hydroxide
(iii) crushed egg shells

3

(a)

Name the three products of 'chlor-alkali' process. Write one commercially or industrially important material each that can be prepared from each of these products

3

(a)