(i) Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?
(ii) Write a note on the changing nature of the international trade in the last fifteen years.

5

(a)

'Indian road transportation is confronted with problems'. Describe any four.

5

(a)

Describe any five major problems faced by road transport in India.

5

(a)

Discuss the significance of National Highways and Border Roads.

5

(a)

How are pipelines useful? Explain any four merits of pipeline transport in India.

5

(a)

What is the significance of airways as a mode of transport? Mention two merits and one demerit of airways.

5

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What are the factors that cause heavy damage to the railways?

5

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Name the following ports:
(a) A tidal port on the west coast
(b) A port exporting iron one on the west coast
(c) A port at the entrance of a lagoon, in the south-west of India.
(d) An inland riverine port.
(e) The oldest artificial port

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(a)

What is international tourism? Name two major items of export and two items of import in India.

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(a)