Why did writers like Paul Bernard believe in developing the economy of the colonies?

1

(a)

To increase the profit opportunities, purchase of more goods, more business for French.

Where and when was the first cement industry set up in India?

1

(a)

The first cement plant was set up at Chennai in Tamil Nadu in 1904. There are 128 large and over 332 mini cement industries in India at present.

What is the average density of roads in India?

1

(a)

The average density of roads in India is 75 km.

Which issue related to the city of Cochabamba?

1

(a)

Water right were sold to MNC's which led to increase in the prices of water.

When was BSP formed?

1

(a)

It was established on April 14th 1984.

What is meant by 'transparency'?

1

(a)

In a democratic government, a citizen has the right and the means to examine the decisions taken by the govt. It is known as transparency.

What are SHGs?

1

(a)

They are Self-Help Groups formed by the poor rural women.

What do you mean by FDI?

3

(a)

It refers to investments directly made in industry or other spheres of economic activity of a country by foreign industrial houses or MNCs with the objective of earning profits.

Pragya bought an iron of a reputed brand for Rs.1,500 but it caused an electric shock while it was being used. Pragya wants to exercise her 'Right'. Identify the 'Right' under which she can be protected.

3

(a)

Right to safety.

In which continent is the Chutney music popular?

3

(a)

South America

What technological helped in improving production of India industry during the 20^th century?

3

(a)

the introduction of fly shuttle

Name the acts through which children were kept out of industrial work in London.

3

(a)

(i) Compulsory Elementary Education Act in 1870.
(ii) Various Factories Acts

Name a commercial crop of punjab and Haryana, which is a subsistence crop in Odisha.

3

(a)

Rice

Make a distinction between hydroelectricity and thermal electricity starting three points all are of distinction. What values are associated with using hydroelectricity?

3

(a)

Explain the judicial structure of consumer disputes in India.

3

(a)

1. Why in Victorian Britain, the upper classes preferred things produced by hand? Give three reasons.

   3

   (a)

2. How did Gutenberg personalise the printed hooks suiting to the tastes and requirement of others?

   3

   (a)

1. What led Chandu Menon to write Indulekha?

   3

   (a)

2. What are vulnerable species? Give four examples.

   3

   (a)

1. What was the impact of the Great Depression on USA? Explain.

   5

   (a)

2. Mention some of the innovations which have improved the printing technology after the 17^th century.

   5

   (a)

1. What is a multi-purpose river valley projects? Give any four objectives of the multi-purpose river valley project?

   5

   (a)

2. How can the workers of unorganised sector be protected?

   5

   (a)

The distinguishing feature of a federal government is:
(a)National government gives some powers to the provincial governments.
(b)Power is distributed among the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
(c)Elected officials exercise supreme power in the government
(d)Governmental power is divided between different levels of government

5

(a)

Briefly trace the process of unification of Italy.

5

(a)

Explain ant three common features of the popular struggle in Nepal and Bolivia.

5

(a)

Why do people prefer democracy? Explain with four reasons.

5

(a)

Suggest any three ways in which political reforms can be made in India?

5

(a)

Locate and label the following on the given political outline map of India:
(a) A place where session of Indian National Congress was held in September 1920.
(b) A place where session of Indian National Congress was held in 1929.
(c) A place in Bihar where Satyagraha Movement of indigo planters took place.
(d) Baradoli, the place, from where No tax campaign was started.
(e) A place in Gujarat where Gandhiji violated the Salt law.
(f) a place in Punjab where Jalianwalla Bagh incident took place (or) Amritsar
(g) Chennai (Madras)

3

(a)

On the physical outline map of India given below, identify any four soil types of India.

3

(a)