Describe in brief any four features of the Vienna Treaty 1815.

5

(a)

Briefly trace the process of unification of Italy.

5

(a)

Describe the process of unification of Italy.

5

(a)

Describe the process of unification of Germany.

5

(a)

Mention any too economic obstacles that the liberal-nationalists wanted to overcome. In what way did the Zollverein customs union of 1934 try to overcome these shortcomings?

5

(a)

What led to the rise of the revolutionaries after the establishment of the conservative regimes in Europe after 1815?

5

(a)

How did the Greek War of Independence mobilise nationalist feeling among the educated elite across Europe?

5

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What is the significance of 1848 for France and the rest of Europe? What did the liberals demand?

5

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Discuss the role played by the women in nationalist struggles.

5

(a)

How did the Balkan issue became the reason for First World War?

5

(a)