What do oral pills contain and how do they act as effective contraceptives?

2

(a)

Although AIDS is a fluid transmitted disease, it is considered as an STD. Give a reason for it.

2

(a)

Explain how surrogacy is helpful in case of infertile women.

2

(a)

Shyam Lal and his wife have been advised by the gynecologist to go for artificial insemination. What may have been the reason for the doctor to give such an advice? Explain.

2

(a)

All reproductive tract infections are STDs, but not all STDs are reproductive infections. Justify with an example.

2

(a)