GBPUAT 2021 Life Sciences Syllabus

Govind Ballabh Pant University Of Agriculture & Technology ( GBPUAT ) Entrance Examination  Life Science  syllabus – 2015 :

Master Degree Programme

Life Science Syllabus – 2015:

The syllabus for Postgraduate programmes will be at par with the standard course content of the subject approved by the UGC / ICAR for Indian Universities. The syllabus for Life Sciences & Physical Sciences groups is given below:

LIFE SCIENCES

UNIT-I

Morphology and anatomy of land plants, Cell cycle, cell division, senescence, life cycle of an angiosperm, pollination, fertilization, embryogenesis, seed formation, seed storage proteins, seed dormancy and germination. Concept of cellular totipotency, organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, Principles of Mendelian inheritance, linkage, recombination and genetic mapping; extrachromosomal inheritance; gene mutation, chromosome aberrations (numerical and structural), transposons. Introduction to Plant Breeding. Pteridophytes and Bryophytes, Taxonomy and. Plant Geography

UNIT-II

Diversity, distribution, systematics and phylogeny of animals, Origin of life, history of life on earth, evolutionary theories, natural selection, adaptation, speciation. Principles of inheritance, molecular basis of heredity, the genetic material, transmission of genetic material, Structure of cell, cellular organelles and their structure and function, cell cycle, cell division, Comparative physiology of different systems, Parasitic organisms and hostparasite relationship,. Immune response, cellular and humoral immunity, evolution of the immune system: Embryonic development, cellular differentiation, organogenesis. metamorphosis, genetic basis of development. The ecosystem, habitats, species diversity, zoogeography and Animal behavior.

UNIT-III

Structure of atoms, molecules and chemical bonds, Isomerism, hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction in biomolecules; Chemistry of biomolecules-carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids,. Enzymes and their kinetics, factors affecting enzyme activity, Competitive and non-competitive inhibitions. Coenzymes and cofactors, Metabolism of carbohydrats, fatty acids and proteins. eukaryotic genome organization (chromatin structure), Genetic code, replication, transcription and translation. Regulation of gene expression, Plant pigments, Secondary metabolites, Vitamins, Hormones and metabolic regulation.

UNIT-IV

Spontaneous generation theory-Grem theory-Discovery of antibiotics-Types of microscopes-Principles and equipment of different kinds of sterilisation-staining Techniques-Nutritional types of bacteria-Growth curve-Factors influencing bacterial growth-Fermentation and other Metabolic pathways: Principle and Application-Classification of Bacteria-Gene transfer methods in microorganisms Antigen and antibody reaction. Role of microbes in carbon and nitrogen cycles-Influence of Rhizosphere on soil microorganism. Microbes in Industry and health

UNIT-V

Plant physiology and its significance in agriculture; physical properties and chemical constitution of protoplasm; plant cell water relation-imbibition, surface tension, diffusion, osmosis; absorption and translocation of water and nutrients; transpiration, guttation, mineral deficiencies and their symptoms; physiological: disorders, correction, hydrophonics, foliar nutritions aerobic and anaerobic respiration; Photo respiration Factors affecting respiration and Photorespiration. Photosynthesis- modern concept and the factors affecting photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation growth development and differentiation; growth hormones, growth retardants, growth inhibitors and their use in agriculture; tropism in plants photoperiodism and vernalization; seed dormancy, germination; fruit ripening process and its control.

UNIT-VI

Concepts and scope of biotechnology, Tissue culture and its applications, Micrpropagation, Meristem culture and production of virus free plants. Anther and microspore culture. Embryo and ovary culture. Protoplast isolation, fusion, and somatic hybridization, cybrids, somaclones, synthetic seeds, In vitro germ conservation, Cryopresertvation, Organellar DNA, satellite and repetitive DNA, DNA repair, Recombinant DNA technology, Cloning vector, Restriction enzymes, Gene cloning. Methods of gene transfer in plants, Achievements and recent developments of genetic engineering in agriculture.

UNIT-VII

Ecology and its relevance to life, natural resources-their management and conservation, Climatic elements as factors of crop growth, Impact of change in environment on cropping patterns, Change in environment due to agricultural environmental pollution and associated hazards to crops and animals, Human liquid and solid waste disposal, Pollution prevention and remediation, Concepts and dynamics of ecosystem component, Food chain and energy flow, Productivity and biogeochemical cycle, Types of ecosystem, Population ecology and biological control, Community structure and organization, Sustainable development, Economic importance of microbes, plants and animals.

UNIT VIII

Electronic configuration of elements, periodic classification of elements, atomic number, atomic and ionic radii, ionization potential, electron affinity and electro negativity, electronic theory of valency, sigma and pi-bonds, hybridization and directional nature of covalent bonds, metallic bonds, VSEPR theory, V.B. and MO theory, ionic solids and weak interactions, Lewis and Bronsted theories of acids and bases, hard soft acid and bases (HSAB), oxidation states and oxidation number, common oxidizing and reducing agents, Ionic equations. Natural and artificial radioactivity, radioactive decay, nuclear fission and fusion. Chemistry of the common elements and their compounds. Principles of extraction isolation (and metallurgy) of important elements. Chemistry of transitional elements, lanthanides and actinides. Structures of hydrogen peroxide, diborane, aluminium chloride and the important oxyacids of nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorine and sulphur. Interhalogen compounds.

Outlines of the manufactures of: sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, ammonia, nitric acid, sulphuric acid, cement, glass, ceramics and artificial fertilizers.

Inert gases: Isolation and Chemistry, structure of inert gas compounds.

Werner’s theory of coordination compounds, V.B. and M.O. theory of bonding in metal complexes, electronic spectrum, magnetic and spectral properties of metal complexes. Organo metallic compounds. Bioinorganic chemistry, biological role of alkaline earth metal ions, metalloporphyrins.

Analytical chemistry: Principles and methods of chemical analysis, principles involved in separation techniques, chromatography.

UNIT IX

Modern concepts of covalent bonding, bond lengths, energy and bond angles, electron displacements, inductive, electromeric, mesomeric and hyper conjugative effects, resonance ad its applications to organic chemistry, tautomerism, effects of structure on chemical reactions, dissociation constants.

Mechanism of organic reactions: Types of reagents and organic reactions, reaction intermediates, product analysis, isotope effects, kinetic and stereo chemical studies.

Stereochemistry: Optical and geometrical isomerism, chirality, enantiomers, stereogenic centers, distereomers, resolution and recemization, relative and absolute configuration, sequence rules, E&Z and R&S nomenclature, concept of conformation and conformational analysis of ethane, butane and cyclohexane and sugars.

Chemistry and reactions of derivative of aliphatic and aromatic compounds including: Alkanes, alkynes and alkenes. arenes and aromaticity, benzene and polynuclear hydrocarbons, alkyl and aryl halides, SN1, SN2 and SNi reactions, nuclear and side chain reactions, aromatic substitutions reactions, elimination reactions. Aliphatic and aromatic alcohols and phenols, ethers and epoxides, aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes and ketones, aliphatic and aromatic carboxalic acids and their derivatives, aliphatic and aromatic amines and amides, synthetic applications of diazonium salts. Amino-acids.

Reactions and applications of organometallic compounds, Acetoacetic and malonic esters, Organic synthesis via enolates.

Heterocyclic compounds, pyridine, quinoline, thiophene, furan and pyrole.

Important organic name reactions and rearrangements of synthetic importance.

Carbohydrates, classification and general reactions, glucose, fructose and amino acids and proteins, terpenoids and alkaloids. Polymers, dyes and pigment.

Theory and application of spectral techniques, UV, IR and NMR in structure elucidation of simple organic molecules.

UNIT X

Elementary quantum mechanics

Gaseous states: Kinetic theory of gases and gas laws, Maxwell’s law of distribution of velocities, Van der Waal’s equation, Law of corresponding states, Liquification of gases, Ratio of Cp/CV.

Thermodynamics: The first law of thermodynamics, Isothermal and adiabatic expansion, Enthalphy, heat capacities, Thermo chemistry –heats of reaction, formation, solution and combustion, Calculation of bond energies, Kirchhoff equation, Criteria for spontaneous changes, second law of thermodynamics entropy. Free energy, criteria of thermodynamic equilibrium.

Solutions: osmotic pressure lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point, determination of molecular weights, association and dissociation of solutes.

Chemical equilibrium, law of mass action and its applications to homogeneous and heterogeneous equilibrium, Le Chatelier’s principle, Influence of temperature on chemical equilibrium.

Electrochemistry: Faraday’s laws of electrolysis, conductivity of an electrolyte: equivalent conductivity and its variation with dilution, solubility of sparingly soluble salts, electrolytic dissociation, Ostwald’s dilution law, anomaly of strong electrolytes, solubility product, strength of acids and bases: hydrolysis of salts, hydrogen ion concentration buffer action, theory of indicators.

Electrochemical cells: Reversible cells, standard hydrogen and calomel electrodes and redox-potentials, concentration cells, determination of pH transport number and ionic product of water, Potentiometer titration, chemical kinetics: Molecularity and order of a reaction, First order and second order reactions, Determination of order of a reaction, temperature coefficients and energy of activation, Collision theory of reaction rates, Activated complex theory.

Phase rule: Explanation of the terms involved, Applications to one and two component system, reduced phase rule, distribution law.

Colloids: General nature of colloidal solutions and their classification, general methods of preparation and properties of colloids, coagulation, protective action, gold number, adsorption phenomenon and adsorption isotherms.

Catalysis: Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, catalytic promoters and poisons.

Photochemistry: Law of photochemistry. Simple numerical problems.

For More Details refer the official website.

http://www.ppsc.gov.in/usermanual.ashx?id=c3543