PAET 2021 Physics Syllabus

Punjab Ayush Entrance Test ( PAET ) Medical Entrance Examination Physics Syllabus – 2018

For BAMS & BHMS Courses

PHYSICS

Unit 1 :

Physical World and Measurement: Physics in relation to science and technology. Need for measurement, units for measurement, systems of units; units-SI fundamental and derived units. Dimensional analysis, order of magnitude. Accuracy and errors in Measurement.

Unit 2 :

Description of Motion in one Dimension: Objects in motion, motion in one, two and three dimensions. Motion in a straight line, origin, unit and direction for time and position measurement . Uniform motion, its graphical representation and formulae, speed and velocity-time, graph, position-time graph, and formulae. General relation between position, velocity, acceleration in two dimensional motion, application of uniformly accelerated motion and motion under gravity in one dimension.

Unit 3 :

Description of Motion in two or three Dimensions: Vectors in two dimensions, general vectors, vectors and scalars; vector addition and multiplication by a real number, zero-vector and its properties. Resolution of a vector in a plane, rectangular components. Motion in two dimensions, cases of uniform velocity and uniform acceleration, general relation among position velocity- acceleration for motion in a plane, projectile motion. Uniform circular motion. Examples of circular motion, car on a level circular road, car on a banked road, pendulum swinging in a vertical plane

Unit 4 :

Laws of Motion and friction: Force and inertia, first law of motion, Momentum, Second Law of motion: impulse, some kinds of force in nature. Third law of motion, conservation of momentum, rocket propulsion. Equilibrium of current of forces, Friction, static and kinetic friction. Laws of friction, rolling, frictional lubrication, inertial, and non-inertial frames (elementary ideas).

Unit 5 :

Work, Energy & Power: Scalar product of vectors, work done by a constant force and by a variable force, unit of work, kinetic energy, Power, potential energy, gravitational potential energy and its conversion to kinetic energy, potential energy of a spring. Different forms of energy, mass energy equivalence, conservation of energy. Elastic in one and two dimensions.

Unit 6 :

Rotational Motion: Centre of mass of a two particle system, momentum conservation and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of a rigid body, general motion of a rigid body, nature of rotational motion of a single particle in two dimensions only, torque, angular momentum and its geomemtrical and physical meaning, conservation of angular momentum, Comparison of linear and rotational parameters, moment of inertia-its physical significance, parallel axis and perpendicular axis theorem, examples of two dimensional rigid body motion (mass point on string wound on cylinder, cylinder rolling without slipping).

Unit 7 :

Gravitation: Universal law of gravitation, the gravitational constant. Acceleration due to gravity, mass of the earth, inertial and gravitational mass, variation in the acceleration due to gravity of the earth, geostationary satellites. Gravitational potential energy near the surface of the earth, gravitational potentional, escape velocity, orbital velocity.

Unit 8 :

Properties of matter: Inter-atomic and inter-molecular forces, states of matter

A Solids : Crystalline and glassy solids. Hook's law, Young's modulus, stress Vs strain, bulk modulus, pure shear, modulus of rigidity and poison ratio.

B Fluids : Fluid pressure, Pascal's law, hydraulic lift effect of gravity, atmospheric pressure, Buoyancy, Archimede's principle, viscosity, sphere falling through a liquid, streamline flow, Reynolds number, Bernoulli's theorem, surface energy and surface tension, pressure difference across drops and bubbles, capillary rise, detergents and surface tension.

C Gases : Kinetic theory of gases, pressure, Kinetic energy and temperature, absolute temperature, gas laws and Avogadro number.

Unit 9:

Heat and Thermodynamics: Thermal expansion- linear and cubical. specific heat, specific heat at constant volume and constant pressure of ideal gas. Thermodynamic state, equation of state and isothermals, pressure temperature phase diagram. Thermodynamic processes (reversible, irreversible, isothermal, adiabatic). First law of thermodynamics, heat engines, otto-cycle and its efficiency. Second law of thermodynamics, conduction, convection and radiation. Thermal conductivity, black body radiation, Wiens's law, Stefon's law, Newton's law of cooling.

Unit 10:

Oscillations: Periodic motion, simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) Kinetic energy and potential energy in S.H.M., Oscillations due to a spring, simple pendulum. Forced oscillations, resonance and damped oscillations (qualitative idea).

Unit 11:

Waves: Wave motion, speed of wave-motion, equation of simple standing waves, harmonic waves, principle of super-position, reflection of waves, standing waves, harmonics, Beats, Doppler, Effect, Acoustics of buildings.

Unit 12:

Electrostatics: Frictional electricity, charges (+ -), Conservation of charges, Coulomb's law, concept of dielectrics and dielectric constant, electric field due to a point charge, di-pole, di-pole field and di-pole's behavior in an uniform two dimensional electric field, flux, Electric potential and potential energy, Capacitance (Parallel plate) in series and parallel, energy of a capacitor, conductors and insulators, presence of free charges and bound charges inside a conductor, van de Graff generator.

Unit 13:

Current Electricity: Flow of current, sources of e.m. f. , cells: Primary and secondary, electric current, resistance of different materials, temperature dependence, resistively, color code for carbon resistances, Ohm's law, Kirchoff's law, resistances in series and parallel, Wheatstone's bridge, measurement of voltages and currents, potentiometer.

Unit 14:

Thermal and Chemical effects of Currents Heating effects of currents, Electric power, chemical effects and laws of electrolysis simple concepts of thermoelectricity.

Unit 15:

Magnetic effects of currents: Oersted's observation, Biot- Savart law (magnectic field due to a current element); magnetic field due to a straight wire,. circular loop, and a solenoid, Ampere's circuital law and its applications, Force on a moving charge in a magnetic field (Lorenz force), cyclotron (simple ideas), forces and torques on currents in a magnetic field, forces between two currents, definition of ampere, moving coil galvanometer, ammeter and voltmeter, D.C. motor.

Unit 16:

Magnetism:Bar magnet (Comparison with solenoid), lines of force, earth's magnetic field, tangent galvanometer, para, dia and ferro magnetism,

Unit 17:

Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating currents: Induced e.m.f., Faraday's law, Lenz's law, electromagnetic induction, self and mutual inductance. Alternating Currents, impedance and reactance, power in A.C. circuits with L. C. & R., series circuit-resonant circuits (Pharos's diagram) and electrical machines and devices (transformer, generator, choke and starter),

Unit 18:

Electromagnetic Waves( qualitative treatment only). Electromagnetic waves, some history of e.m. waves (Maxwell, Hertz, Bose, Marconi) Electromagnetic spectrum (radio, micro-waves, infrared, optical, ultra-violet. X-rays and y-rays) including elementary facts about their uses and propagation, properties of the atmosphere w.r.t. various parts of electromagnetic spectrum.

Unit 19:

Wave Optics: Wave front and Huygen's principle, interference, Young's double slit expt. & expression, Diffraction, Diffraction from a single slit (qualitative) and polarization.

Unit 20:

Ray optics and Optical instruments: Ray optics as a limiting case of wave optics, Reflection from spherical mirrors, Refraction through prism and spherical surfaces, total internal reflection. Optical fibre, lens formulae, Dispersion, prism spectrometer and spectra-absorption and emission, scattering rainbow, magnification and resolving power of astronomical telescope and microscope.

Unit 21:

Electrons and Photons: Electric discharge through gases at low pressure, discovery of electrons, e/m for an electron, Einstein's photo electric equation, particle nature of light, photo cells.

Unit 22:

Atoms & Nuclei: Rutherford model of the atom, Bohr Model and hydrogen spectrum, composition of a nucleus, atomic masses and isotopes. Properties of a nucleus, mass energy relation, radioactivity, fission and fusion. Nuclear reactor, nuclear holocaust.

Unit 23:

Solids and Semi- conductor Devices: Energy bands in solids, conductors, insulators and semi- conductor, p n junction Diodes, junction Transistor, diode as rectifier, transistor, as an amplifier and oscillator, logic gate and combination of gates.

Unit 24:

Universe: The constituents, of the universe : planets, stars: brightness, stellar distances, luminousity and surface temperature, stellar spectra (classification), energy production in stars (concept).

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