What are Okazaki fragments?

How are chromosomes classified based on the position of centromere?

Write a note on DNA replication.

Write a note on mutation.

Mala had a huge scar on her cheek after she met with fire accident during her college days. She is worried if her baby would inherit the scar she had acquired. She clarified with her doctor, she need not worry about it, as her scar is an acquired trait.
(i) What are acquired traits?
(ii) How is it different from inherited traits?

Explain with an example the inheritance of dihybrid cross. How is it different from monohybrid cross?

The sex of the new born child is a matter of chance and neither of the parents may be considered responsible for it. What would be the possible fusion of gametes to determine the sex of the child?

Flowers of the garden pea are bisexual and self-pollinated. Therefore, it is difficult to perform hybridization experiment by crossing a particular pistil with the specific pollen grains. How Mendel made it possible in his monohybrid and dihybrid crosses?

Pure-bred tall pea plants are first crossed with pure-bred dwarf pea plants. The pea plants obtained in F₁ generation are then selfed to produce F₂ generation of pea plants.
a. What do the plants of F₁ generation look like?
b. What is the ratio of tall plants to dwarf plants in F₂ generation?
c. Which type of plants were missing in F₁ generation but reappeared in F₂ generation?

Kavitha gave birth to a female baby. Her family members say that she can give birth to only female babies because of her family history. Is the statement given by her family members true? Justify your answer.