Give a general account on lichens.

Write the similarities and difference between
a. Radical buds and foliar buds
b. Phylloclade and cladode

Give the floral characters of Clitoria ternatea.

Draw the ultra structure of plant cell.

Write about Pachytene and Diplotene of Prophase I.

Write the characteristic features of DNA.

Can we use recent molecular tools to identify and classify organisms?

Could the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous female be equal? Why?

Draw a neat labelled diagram of the digestive system of frog.

Explain the conditions which creates problems in oxygen transport.

Select the correct biological term.
Cardiac muscle, atria, tricuspid systole, auricles, arteries, diastole, ventricles, bicuspid valve, pulmonary artery, cardiac cycle, semilunar valve, veins, pulmonary vein, capillaries, vena cava, aorta.
(a) The main artery of the blood
(b) Valves between the left atrium and ventricle
(c) Technical name for relaxation of the heart.
(d) Another name for atria.
(e) The main vein.
(f) Vessels which carry blood away from the heart
(g) Two names for the upper chambers of the heart
(h) Thick walled chambers of the heart.
(i) Carries blood from the heart to the lungs
(j) Takes about 0.8 sec to complete.
(k) Valves situated at the point where blood flows out of the heart.
(l) Vessels which carry blood towards the heart
(m) Carries blood from the lungs to the heart.
(n) The two lower chambers of the heart.
(o) Prevent blood from re-entering the ventricles after entering the aorta.
(p) Technical name for one heartbeat.
(q) Valves between right atrium and ventricles.
(r) Technical name for contraction of the heart.
(s) Very narrow blood vessels.

Identify the following structures and explain their significance in renal physiology?
(a) Juxtaglomerular apparatus
(b) Podocytes
(c) Sphincters in the bladder

What are the different types of rib bones that form the rib cage?

Describe the structures of olfactory receptors.

Briefly explain the structure of thyroid gland.

Discuss the various techniques adopted in cattle breeding.

Distinguish the anatomy of dicot root from monocot root.

A transverse section of the trunk of a tree shows concentric rings which are known as growth rings. How are these rings formed? What are the significance of these rings?

An artificial cell made of selectively permeable membrane immersed in a beaker (in the figure). Read the values and answer the following questions?

a. Draw an arrow to indicate the direction of water movement
b. Is the solution outside the cell isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic?
c. Is the cell isotonic, hypotonic or hypertonic?
d. Will the cell become more flaccid, more turgid or stay in original size?
e. With reference to artificial cell state, the process is endosmosis or exosmosis? Give reasons.

Write the physiological effects of Cytokinins.