Arrange the following structures in the order that a drop of water entering the nephron would encounter them
e. Afferent arteriole
f. Bowman’s capsule
g. Collecting duct
h. Distal tubule
i. Glomerulus
j. Loop of Henle
k. Proximal tubule
l. Renal pelvis

Identify the following structures and explain their significance in renal physiology?
(a) Juxtaglomerular apparatus
(b) Podocytes
(c) Sphincters in the bladder

How are the kidneys involved in controlling blood volume? How is the volume of blood in the body related to arterial pressure?

With regards to toxicity and the need for dilution in water, how different are ureotelic and uricotelic excretions? Give examples of animals that use these types of excretion.

What is tubular secretion? Name the substances secreted through the renal tubules.