Considering Ellingham diagram, which of the following metals can be used to reduce alumina? 

Name the process by which elements such as germanium, silicon and gallium are refined.

The element that does not show catenation among the following p-block elements is ________.

The repeating unit in silicone is_______.

The geometry at which carbon atom in diamond are bonded to each other is _______.

Thermodynamically the most stable form of carbon is________.

Which one is correct statement for zeolite?

In graphite electrons are _______.

Silicones are ______.

An element belongs to group 15 and 3^rd period of the periodic table, its electronic configuration would be_______.

The correct order of the thermal stability of hydrogen halide is_______.

Most easily liquefiable gas is _______.

The catalytic activity of transition metals is due to ________.

Which type of defect is found in transition metals that have variable valency?

What are the various steps involved in the extraction of pure metals from their ores?

What is the role of graphite rods in the electro metallurgy of aluminium?

Name and discuss the principle involved in obtaining silicon of high purity.

What are alums?

Starting from SiCl₄, prepare the following in steps not exceeding the number given in parentheses.
(i) Silicon
(ii) Linear silicon containing methyl groups only
(iii) Na₂SiO₃

Chalcogens belongs to p-block. Give reason.

What are transition metals? Give four examples.

Name an element with which silicon can be doped to give an n-type semi conductor.

For a uni - univalent electrolyte write the Debye - Huckel Onsager equation

What is Helmholtz double layer?

Define Deemulsification.

What are lyophobic colloids? Give examples.

Explain the formation of delta.

Complete the following reaction giving names of products.

Predict the formula of the products in the
(i) CH₃COCH₃ + HCN ➝?
(ii) C₆H₅COCH + NH₂OH➝?

Using the Ellingham diagram,
(A) Predict the conditions under which
(i) Aluminium might be expected to reduce magnesia.
(ii) Magnesium could reduce alumina.
(B) it is possible to reduce Fe₂O₃ by coke at a temperature around 1200K

AlCl₃ behaves like a lewis acid. Substantiate this statement.

Write a note on metallic nature of p-block elements.

Account for the following:
(i) CO is used in the extraction of metals.
(ii) CO is poisonous
(iii) CO₂ is used in refrigeration

Give the uses of sulphuric acid.

Write the reason for the anomalous behaviour of Nitrogen.

Explain the variation in E⁰_{M³⁺/M²⁺}  3d series.

Compare lanthanoids and actinoids.

Classify the following ligands based on the number of donor atoms.
a) NH₃
b) en
c) ox^2-
d) pyridine

Explain Schottky defect.

Classify the following solids in different categories based on the nature of intermolecular force operating in them: Potassium sulphate, tin, benzene, urea, ammonia, water, zinc sulphide, graphite, rubidium, argon, silicon carbide.

Write Arrhenius equation and explains the terms involved.

Hydrolysis of methyl acetate in aqueous solution has been studied by titrating the liberated acetic acid against sodium hydroxide. The concentration of an ester at different temperatures is given below.

Show that the reaction is the first order reactions.

Two metals M₁ and M₂ have reduction potential values of -xV and +yV respectively. Which will liberate H₂ and H₂SO₄.

How are colloidal solution of ink and graphite prepared?

Describe the role of the following in the process mentioned.
(i) Silica in the extraction of copper.
(ii) Cryolite in the extraction of aluminium.
(iii) Iodine in the refining of Zirconium.
(iv) Sodium cyanide in froth floatation.

Write a short note on electrochemical principles of metallurgy.

How can you separate alumina from silica in a bauxite ore.

How are silicates classified? Give an example for each type of silicate.

What type of hybridisation occur in
a) BrF₅
b) BrF₃

How does sulphuric acid react with metals at various conditions.

Transition metals show high melting points. Why?

What is the coordination entity formed when excess of liquid ammonia is added to an aqueous solution of copper sulphate?

Atoms X and Y form bcc crystalline structure. Atom X is present at the corners of the cube and Y is at the centre of the cube. What is the formula of the compound?

From the following data, show that the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is a reaction of the first order:

Where t is the time in minutes and V is the volume of standard KMnO₄ solution required for titrating the same volume of the reaction mixture.

Write an account of the Arrhenius equation for rates of chemical reactions. 

Complete the following reactions

ii) \(C_6H_5-CH_{2}CH(OH)CH(CH_3)_2 \overset{ConH_2SO_4}\longrightarrow\)

An organic compound (A) (C₆H₆O) gives maximum of two isomers (B) and (C) When an alkaline solution of (A) is refluxed with chloroform. (B) on oxidation gives acid (D). The acid (D) is also obtained by I treating sodium salt of (A) with CO₂ under pressure followed by hydrolysis. Identify the compounds (A), (B), (C) and (D) and explain with proper chemical reactions.

Compound (A) with molecular formula C₆H₆O gives violet colour with neutral FeCI₃ (A) reacts with CHCl₃ and NaOH gives two isomers (B) and (C) with molecular formula C₇H₆O₂ Compound (A) reacts with ammonia at 473 K in the presence of ZnCl₂ gives compound (D) with molecular formula C₆H₇N. Compound (D) undergoes carbylamine test. Identify (A), (B), (C) and (D) and explain the reactions.

An organic compound (A) of molecular formula C₆H₆O gives violet colour with neutral FeCI₃. (A) gives maximum of two isomers (B) and (C) when an alkaline solution of (A) is refluxed with CCI₄ (A) also reacts with C₆H₅N₂CI to give the compound (D) which is red orange dye. Identify (A), (B), (C) and (D). Explain with suitable chemical reactions.