What are called Parameters and write a note on
(i) Parameter without Type
(ii) Parameter with Type

Explain with an example interface and implementation.

How will you facilitate data abstraction. Explain it with suitable example.

How will you access the multi-item. Explain with example.

Explain the representation of Abstract datatype using rational numbers.

Explain the types of scopes for variable or LEGB rule with example.

Write any Five Characteristics of Modules.

Explain the concept access control.

Explain the characteristics of an algorithm.

Explain the Bubble sort algorithm with example.

Define efficiency of an algorithm? How the efficiency of an algorithm was determined?

Explain the selection sort Algorithm with an example.

Describe in detail the procedure Script mode programming.

Discuss in detail about Tokens in Python.

Write the output for the following python code..
x=10
x+=20
print ("The x + = 20 is =",x)
x-=5
print ("The x -= 5 is = ",x)
x*=5
print ("The x *= 5 is = ",x)
x/=2
print ("The x/ = 2 is = ",x)
x%=3
print ("The x %= 3 is = ",x)
x**=2
print ("The x **= 2 is = ",X)
x//=3
print ("The x//= 3 is = ",x)

Write a detail note on for loop.

Write a detail note on if..else..elif statement with suitable example.

Write a program in python to display the following output.
1
1 2
1 2 3
1 2 3 4
1 2 3 4 5

Write a program in python to display he following output.
1
2 2
3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5

Write a Python code to find the L.C.M. of two numbers.

Explain recursive function with an example.

Write a python program to find HCF of two numbers using recursion.

Write a python program to find Fibonacci series of n terms using recursion.

Explain about string operators in python with suitable example.

Write a python program to check whether the given string is palindrome or not.

Write a python program to display the number of vowels and consonants in the given string.

What is the purpose of range( )? Explain with an example.

What is nested tuple? Explain with an example.

How will access all elements of a list? Write the execution table example.

How will you access elements of a list using for loop? Explain with an example.

Write a menu driven program to add or delete stationary items. You should use dictionary to store items and the brand.

Write a python program to check and print if the given number is odd or even using class.

Write a program to accept a string and print the number of uppercase, lowercase, vowels, consonants and spaces in the given string.

Explain the different operators in Relational algebra with suitable examples.

Explain the characteristics of DBMS.

Explain the components of DBMS.

Consider the following employee table. Write SQL commands for the qtns.(i) to (v).

EMP CODE	NAME	DESIG	PAY	ALLOWANCE
S1001	Hariharan	Supervisor	29000	12000
P1002	Shaji	Operator	10000	5500
P1003	Prasad	Operator	12000	6500
C1004	Manjima	Clerk	8000	4500
M1005	Ratheesh	Mechanic	20000	7000

(i) To display the details of all employees in descending order of pay.
(ii) To display all employees whose allowance is between 5000 and 7000.
(iii) To remove the employees who are mechanic.
(iv) To add a new row.
(v) To display the details of all employees who are operators.

What are the components of SQL? Write the commands in each.

Write the processing skills of SQL.

Write a note on
(i) TRUNCATE command.
(ii) DROP TABLE command.

Write the different methods to read a File in Python.

Write a Python program to write a CSV File with custom quotes.

Write a program to read the CSV file and store A column value in A list for sorting.

How will you write Dictionary into CSV file with custom dialects?

Explain each word of the following command.
Python  < filename.py > - < i > <C++ filename without cpp extension>

What is the purpose of sys, os, getopt module in Python.Explain.

Write a python program to execute the following C++ program.
C++ program:
/*Write a C++ program using a user defined
function to function cube of a number. */
// Now select File⇾New in Notepad and type the C++ program
#include
using namespace std;
// Function declaration
int cube(int num),
int main( )
{
int num;
int c;
cout<< "Enter any number: "<<endl;
cin >>num;
c = cube(num);
cout<< "Cube of" << num<<  " is "<< c;
return 0;
}
//Function to find cube of any number
int cube(int num)
{
return (num * num * num);
}
// Save this file as cube_file.cpp

Write a python program to execute the following C++ program
To implement Multilevel Inheritance:
// C++ program to implement Multilevel Inheritance
// Now select File ⟶New in Notepad and type the C++ program
c++ Program.
#include < iostream >
using namespace std;
// base class
class Vehicle
{
public:
Vehicle ( )
{
cout<< "This is a Vehicle" << endl;
}
};
class threeWheeler: public Vehicle
{ public:
three Wheeler ( )
{
cout << "Objects with 3 wheels are vehicles" << endl;
  }
};
// sub class derived from two base classes
class Auto: public threeWheeler{
public: 
Auto ( )
{ 
cout<< "Auto has 3 Wheels"<< endl;
};
// main function
int main ( )
{
//creating object of sub class will invoke the constructor of base classes
Auto obj;
return 0;
}
// Save this file as inheri_cpp.cpp

hat is the use of HAVING clause. Give an example python script

Write a Python script to create a table called ITEM with following specification.
Add one record to the table.
Name of the database :- ABC
Name of the table :- Item
Column name and specification :-

I code	:-	Integer and act as primary key
Item Name	:-	Character with length 25
Rate	:-	Integer
Record to be added	:-	1008, Monitor, 15000

Explain in detail the types of pyplots using Matplotlib.

Explain the various buttons in a matplotlib window.

Write a python code to display the following, plot.

Write the key differences between Histogram and bar graph.