David does not keep proper books of accounts. Following details are given from his records

During the year he introduced further capital of Rs. 45,000 and withdrew Rs. 2,500 per month from the business for his personal use. Prepare statement of profit or loss with the above information.

From the following details calculate the printing and stationery to be debited to Income and Expenditure Account for the year ending 31^st March, 2018 and also show how it will appear in the Balance Sheet as on 31^st March, 2018.

Arul is a partner in a partnership firm. As per the partnership deed, interest on drawings is charged at 12% p.a. During the year ended 31st December 2018 he drew as follows:

Calculate the amount of interest on drawings. 

Calculate the value of goodwill at 5 years purchase of super profit from the following information:
(a) Capital employed: Rs. 1,20,000
(b) Normal rate of profit: 20%
(c) Net profit for 5 years:
2014: Rs. 30,000; 2015: Rs. 32,000; 2016: Rs. 35,000; 2017: Rs. 37,000 and 2018: Rs. 40,000
(d) Fair remuneration to the partners Rs. 2,800 per annum.

Anjali and Nithya are partners of a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3. They admit Pramila on 1.1.2018. On that date, their balance sheet showed accumulated loss of Rs. 40,000 on the asset side of the balance sheet. Give the journal entry to transfer the accumulated loss on admission.

Kavitha, Kumudha and Lalitha are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5 : 3 : 3 respectively. Kumudha retires from the firm on 31^st December, 2018. On the date of retirement, her capital account shows a credit balance of Rs. 2,00,000. Pass journal entries if:
i) The amount due is paid off immediately by cheque.
ii) The amount due is not paid immediately.
iii) Rs. 70,000 is paid immediately by cheque

X company issued 10,000 equity shares of Rs.10 each payable as under:

Applications were received for 30,000 shares. Applications for 10,000 shares were rejected and allotment was made proportionately towards remaining applications and the excess application money is adjusted towards allotment money. The directors made both the calls and the all the amount were received except the final call on 600 shares which were subsequently forfeited. Later 400 forfeited shares were reissued as fully paid by receiving Rs.7 per share.

Briefly explain any three limitations of financial statements

From the following information of Ashika Ltd., calculate fixed assets turnover ratio:
(i) Revenue from operations during the year were Rs.60,00,000.
(ii) Fixed assets at the end of the year was Rs.6,00,000.

Write a brief note on accounting vouchers.