Purebred pea plant with smooth seeds (dominated characteristic) were crossed with purebred pea plant with wrinkled seeds (recessive characteristic). The F₁ generation was self pollinated to give rise to the F₂ generation.
(i) What is the expected observation of the F₁ generation of plants?
(a) 1/2 of them have smooth seeds and 1/2 of the have wrinkled seeds.
(b) 1/4 of them have wrinkled seeds and 3/4 of them have smooth seeds.
(c) 3/4 of them have wrinkled seeds and 1/4 of them have smooth seeds.
(d) All of them have smooth seeds.
(ii) What is the expected observation of the F₂ generation of plants?
(a) 1/2 of them have smooth seeds and 1/2 of them have wrinkled seeds.
(b) 1/4 of them have wrinkled seeds and 3/4 of them have smooth seeds.
(c) 3/4 of them have wrinkled seeds and 1/4 of them have smooth seeds.
(d) All of them have smooth seeds.
(iii) If a genotype consists of different types of alleles, it is called

(iv) The alternative form of gene is called

(v) Which of the following will be the genotypic ratio of given F₂ generation?

In fruittlies, the gene for wing shape has two alleles, an unusual allele for curled wings (c) and the normal allele for straight wings (C). The given phenotypes are observed for each genotype.

(i) Which of the following crosses would produce live offspring from 50% of the eggs?

(i) (d)
(ii) (a)
(iii) (a): 25% of the total number of eggs will not
hatch (genotype cc). 50% of the offspring will be curlywinged
(Cc) and 25% of the offspring are straightwinged
(CC).
(iv) (c)
(v) (b)

(ii) Which of the following crosses would be able to produce offspring that would fly normally from 50% of the egg?

(iii) Two curly winged flies are crossed, and they produce 150 eggs. What is the proportion of straight-winged flies expected among the live offspring?

(iv) Normal straight winged flies are self crossed and they produce 120 eggs. What is the proportion of curly winged flies expected among the live offspring? 

(v) Which of the following crosses would be able to produce offspring that has curled wings only? 

Refer to the schematic representation of the albinism that is an inherited condition caused by recessive allele (a). 'A' is the dominant allele for the normal condition. The inheritance of certain genetic traits for two or more generations is represented in a pedigree or family tree. Study the given pedigree chart and answer the following questions.

(i) Which of the following could be the genotypes of X and Y?

(ii) Which of the following could be the genotype of generation - 1 male and female?

(iii) If X married an albino female, then what is the probability that their children would be albino?

(iv) If Y married a normal homozygous male, then what is the probability that their children would be albino? 

(v) Which of the following could be the genotype of offsprings produced by cross of X and Y?

Refer to the given table regarding results of F2 generation of Mendelian cross.

(i) Which of the following would be the phenotype of F1 generation regarding given data of F₂ generation?
(a) Plants with round and yellow coloured seeds
(b) Plants with round and green coloured seeds
(c) Plants with wrinkled and yellow coloured seeds
(d) Plants with wrinkled and green coloured seeds.
(ii) Which of the following would be the genotype of parental generation regarding given result of F₂ generation?

(iii) If plant with wrinkled and green coloured seeds (S) is crossed with plant having wrinkled and yellow coloured seeds (R), what will be the probable phenotype of offsprings?
(a) All plants with wrinkled and yellow coloured seeds
(b) 50% plants with wrinkled and yellow coloured seeds and 50% plants with wrinkled and green coloured seeds
(c) All plants with wrinkled and green coloured seeds
(d) Both (a) and (b).
(iv) Which of the following will result when plant YyRr is self-pollinated?
(a) 9: 3 : 3 : 1 ratio of phenotypes only
(b) 9: 3 : 3 : 1 ratio of genotypes only
(c) 1-: 1 : 1 : 1 ratio of phenotypes only
(d) 1: 1 : 1 : 1 ratio of phenotypes and genotypes
(v) The percentage of yR gamete produced by YyRR parent will be

Pea plants can have smooth seeds or wrinkled seeds. One of the phenotypes is completely dominant over the other. A farmer decides to pollinate one flower of a plant with smooth seeds using pollen from plant with wrinkled seeds. The resulting pea pod has all smooth seeds.
(i) Which of the following conclusions can be drawn?
1. The allele for smooth seeds is dominated over that of wrinkled seeds.
2. The plant with smooth seeds is heterozygous.
3. The plant with wrinkled seeds is homozygous.

(ii) Which of the following crosses will give smooth and wrinkled seeds in same proportion?

(iii) Which of the following cross can be used to determine the genotype of a plant with dominant phenotype?

(iv) On crossing of two heterozygous smooth seeded plants (Rr), a total of 1000 plants were obtained in F₁ generation. What will be the respective number of smooth and wrinkled seeds obtained in F₁ generation?

 (v) The characters which appear in the first filial generation are called