David came to India to meet hid friend Anil. Anil introduced him to his uncle and told that David is pursuing course in biotechnology. Uncle had never heard this term earlier and was curious to know about this term. David pointed towards a big tree at the base of which were present numerous tumour-like structures and said that this is the example of natural biotechnology.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions :
(i) What is biotechnology?
(ii) How are crown gall tumours formed ?
(iii) Why was uncle curious to know about biotechnology ?

Shilpi heard about clones in cartoon serials on TV and also came to know about "Dolly" as a cloned sheep. She discussed it with her biology teacher who explained the meaning of clone and the method to raise the clones.
Read the above passage and answer the following questions :
(i) What is a clone ?
(ii) How clones are produced in plants ?
(iii) Why did Shilpi discuss the matter with her biology teacher ?

No evidence was found on a crime scene, other than only a few hair strands. The inspector wants to proceed for DNA fingerprinting but the amount of DNA is very less.
(i) In your opinion what could be the solution to this problem?
(ii) Write the basic steps of this technique.
(iii) Name the scientist who developed this technique.
(iv) What values show by the inspector?

Shubham was taught in the biotechnology class about the production of recombinant protein with the help of bioreactor. He was surprised by this new information. In the evening he discussed it with his elder brother, who is a biotechnologist. He smiled and explained him in detail.
(i) Why is bioreactors useful in industries?
(ii) What are the values shown by Shubham?

Scientists are  now-a-days trying to produce the transgenic cattle in order to improve the quality and also quality of milk with special reference to its medicinal value. But there are some harmful side effects due to this procedure. Such transgenic animals get easily predispased to a variable number of diseases. This results in their shortening life span and ultimately an early death.On the basis of above information answer the following questions:
(i) Should the scientists continue their efforts with their production of such transgenic cattle.
(ii) What would be the reaction of different organization and community to such an act.
(iii) What values are not being considered by the scientists in the above situation.