(i) The graph given alongside represent the growth patterns of two types of aquatic organisms over a brief period of times in a water body surrounded by an agricultural land extensively supplied with fertilisers.Identify the organisms that would represent (i) A and (ii) B.
(ii) State the reason for such a change in the water body and also write the term given to it.

In the pie charts (A) and (B) drawn below to show the global animal diversity, which groups of animals would you name and write on the area shaded black in (A) and (B). In which kind of habitat would you find these groups of animals?
   

How is the 'sixth episode of extinction' of species on earth, now currently in progress, different from the five earlier episodes? What is it due to? Explain the various causes that have brought about this difference.

(a) What are hot spots of biodiversity?
(b) List four main criteria for determining a particular place as a hot spot.
(c) Among the hot spots of the world, list two which are located in India.

From among plants, invertebrates and vertebrates, list respectively those taxa which occur maximum in numbers at present.