How was penicillin discovered?

Why some molecules are called bioactive molecules?Give two examples of such molecules.

The dough/ batter out of which Dosa and idly is made, appears to be puffed when kept for some time. What thing is responsible for the puffy appearance? Can you tell the metabolic pathway responsible for giving this puffy appearance? Also, name the microorganism involved in this process?

Radha had just undergone a kidney transplant A bioactive molecular drug in administered to oppose kidney rejection by the body. What is the bioactive molecule? Also name the microbe from which this is extracted?

A patient who has been suffering from myocardial infarction is found to be having clots in the blood vessels. “Clot Buster” is used to dissolve the clots. Name the clot buster used to digest the clot and the micro-organism from which it is extracted also?

Water samples, three in number namely river water; sewage water and secondary effluent from STP were subjected to BOD test. They were labeled A B & C but the laboratory technician did not note which was which. The BOD values of three samples A, B & C were recorded as 30mg/l, 8mg/l and 500mg/l respectively. Which sample of water is most polluted? Can you assign the correct label to each assuming the river water relatively clear?

A bio- active molecule produced by micro-organism acts by competitively inhibiting the  enzyme responsible for cholesterol synthesis. Name the enzyme and the microbe out of which it is extracted?

A debate was going on the use of chemical fertilizer and bio-fertilizer. As a student of biology, you have strongly supported the use of bio fertilizer. Acquaint others in what way, you have supported this idea.

By chance you have been caught by the neighboring country & you have been put with  cattle. You have not only given human food to eat, but plentiful straw and green forage was there. As an intellectual student of biology, what thoughts would have come to your mind if you had eaten Straw?

Assuming you as a chairman of KVIC, suggest the points of maximum utilization of Gobar Gas, the mechanism of its production & ecofriendly aspects of Gobar gas to the villages?