QB365 - SLMS includes TN 12th Standard 2024-2025 Board Exam Biology Subject. Book back questions, other important questions, Creative questions, PTA questions, Previous Year asked questions with Answer Keys and Solutions Online Practice Tests for MCQ's with self evaluation. Scoring Maximum Marks in Board Exams - Learn - Practice - Succeed - Maximum Possible Q&A's with Solutions.
Introduction - Asexual Reproduction - Vegetative Reproduction - Sexual Reproduction - Pre-fertilization structure and events - Fertilization - Post fertilization structure and events - Apomixis - Polyembryony - Parthenocarpy
Introduction - Heredity and Variation - Mendelism - Laws of Mendelian Inheritance - Monohybrid, Dihybrid, Trihybrid cross, Backcross and Testcross - Interaction of Genes-Intragenic and Intergenic Incomplete dominance, Lethal genes, Epistasis - Polygenic inheritance in Wheat kernel colour, Pleiotropy - Pisum sativum - Extrachromosomal inheritance- Cytoplasmic inheritance in Mitochondria and Chloroplast.
Chromosomal theory of Inheritance - Linkage - Eye color in Drosophila and Seed color in Maize - Crossing over, Recombination and Gene mapping - Multiple alleles - Sex determination in plants - Mutation - types, mutagenic agents and their significance.
Development of Biotechnology - Historical Perspective - Traditional Biotechnology - Advancements in Modern Biotechnology - Tools for Genetic Engineering - Methods of Gene transfer - Screening for Recombiants - Transgenic Plants / Genetically Modifi ed Crops - Applications of Biotechnology.
Milestones in plant tissue culture - Basic concepts in plant disuse culture - Plant tissue culture techniques and types - Plant regeneration pathway - Applications of plant tissue culture - Conservation of plant genetic resources - Intellectual rights of property (IPR), Biosafety and Bioethics - Future Biotechnology
Ecology - Ecological factors - Ecological adaptations - Dispersal of seeds and fruits
Structure of ecosystem - Functions of ecosystem - Plant succession
Greenhouse effect, ozone depletion - Forestry - Deforestation - Afforestation - Alien invasive species - Conservation - Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) - Rainwater harvesting - Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) - Geographic Information System
Relationship between human and plants - Domestication of plants - Origin of agriculture - History of agriculture - Organic agriculture - Plant breeding - Conventional plant breeding methods - Modern plant breeding Techniques
Food Plants - Spices and Condiments - Fibre - Timber - Latex - Pulp wood - Dye - Cosmetics - Traditional system of medicines - Medicinal plants - Entrepreneurial Botany
Modes of reproduction - Asexual reproduction - Sexual reproduction
Human reproductive system - Gametogenesis - Menstrual cycle - Fertilisation and implantation - Maintenance of pregnancy and embryonic development - Parturition and lactation
Need for reproductive health Problems and strategies - Amniocentesis and its statutory ban - Social impact of sex ratio, female foeticide and infanticide - Population explosion and birth control - Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) - Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) - Infertility - Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) - Detection of foetal disorders during early pregnancy
Multiple alleles - Human blood groups - Genetic control of Rh factor - Sex determination in human, insects, and birds - Sex-linked inheritance - Karyotyping - Pedigree analysis - Mendelian disorders - Chromosomal abnormalities
Gene as the functional unit of inheritance - In search of the genetic material - DNA is the genetic material - Chemistry of nucleic acids - RNA world - Properties of genetic material - Packaging of DNA helix - DNA Replication - Transcription - Genetic code - tRNA – the adapter molecule - Translation - Regulation of Gene expression - Human Genome Project (HGP) - DNA finger printing technique
Origin of life - Evolution of life forms - Geological time scale - Biological evolution - Evidences for biological evolution - Theories of biological evolution - Mechanism of evolution - Hardy Weinberg principle - Origin and evolution of man
Common diseases in human beings: Infectious and non-infectious - Maintenance of personal and public hygiene - Basic concepts of immunology - Immunodeficency diseases - Autoimmune diseases - Adolescence – Drug and alcohol abuse - Mental health – Depression
Microbes in household products - Microbes in industrial products - Microbes in sewage treatment and energy generation - Microbes in the production of biogas - Microbes as bio-control agents and bio-fertilisers - Bioremediation
Applications in Medicine - Gene therapy - Stem Cell Therapy - Molecular Diagnosis - Transgenic Animals - Biological products and their uses - Animal cloning - Ethical issues
Organism and its Environment - Habitat - Major Abiotic Components or Factors - Concept of Biome and Distribution - Responses to abiotic factors - Adaptations - Populations - Population attributes - Population age distribution - Growth models / Curves - Population regulation - Population interactions
Biodiversity - Importance of biodiversity – Global and India - Biogeographical regions of India - Threats to biodiversity - Causes of Biodiversity Loss - IUCN - Biodiversity and its conservation
Pollution - Air Pollution - Water Pollution - Noise Pollution - Agrochemicals - Biomagnification - Eutrophication - Organic Farming and its Implementation - Solid Waste Management - Global Environment Change - Ozone Depletion - Deforestation - Ecosan Toilets - Peoples Participation in Conservation of Forests
Basic Concepts of Immunology - Innate Immunity - Acquired Immunity - Immune Responses - Lymphoid Organs - Antigens - Antibodies - Antigen - Antibody Interactions - Vaccines - Vaccination and Immunization - Hypersensitivity - Immunodeficiency Diseases - Autoimmune Diseases - Tumour Immunology
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