Sometimes goods are distributed as free samples for the purpose of trial and advertisement. It should be treated in final accounts as follows:
(i) On the one hand, it is deducted from purchases in the Trading A/c
(ii) On the other hand, it is shown on the debit side of Profit & Loss A/c as advertisement.

There are following accounting software:
(i) Readymade software: This software is developed for general use and not for specific users. There are following examples like Tally, Busy, etc. Tally is very widely used among these.
(ii) Customised software: These softwares are developed for specific requirements of the users. It is developed by making change in Readymade software.
(iii) Tailor-made software: This software is developed as per the requirements to the users. This is user specific software. Many organizations develop these softwares as per their organisational structure.

Difference between Trading Account and Profit & Loss Account

(i) Drawing - Debit
(ii) Advance Rent Received - Credit
(ill) Bad Debts - Debit
(iv) Sales Return - Debit
(v) Furniture - Debit
(vi) Bank Overdraft - Credit

Cost of Goods Sold = Opening stock + Purchases + Expenses on purchases - Closing Stock
= Rs. 10,000+ Rs. 18,200 + Rs. 2,000 - Rs. 12,200
= Rs. 18,000.
Gross Profit = Net Sales - Cost of goods sold
= Rs. 30,000 - Rs. 18,000
= Rs. 12,000

The difference may arise on account of the following causes:
(i) Cheques issued but not yet presented for payment:
Whenever a cheque is issued for payment, the entry in the cash book is made immediately. But the entry will be made by the bank only when the cheque is presented for payment.
There will, thus, be a gap of some days between the entry in the cash book and in the pass book. Let us clear this point with an example. Suppose, a customer issued a cheque of Rs 2,000 on 27, December, 2001 which is presented to the bank of 2, January, 2002.The customer will record it in the cash book on 27, December, 2001whereas the bank will record in the pass book on 2 jan., 2002 only. On 31 December, 2001, the cash book balance will be less by Rs 2,000due to this reason only
(ii) Cheques paid into the bank not yet cleared :
As soon as cheques are sent to the bank, entries are made in the bank column on the debit side of the cash book. But usually banks credit the customer's account only when they have received the payment from the bank concerned. In other words, when the cheques have been cleared again there will be some gap between the depositing of the cheques and the credit given by the bank.
For example, the customer deposited a cheque of Rs 1,000 into the bank on 30 March, 2001 which is collected by the bank on 4 April, 2001only. Now, if the balances on 31 March, 2001 are compared, the cash book will be higher by Rs 1,000
(iii) Interest allowed by the bank :
If the bank has allowed interest to customer, the entry will normally be made in the customer's account and later shown in Pass book. The customer usually comes to know of the amount of the interest by pursuing the pass book and only then he makes the relevant entry in cash book.
(iv) Interest and expenses charged by the bank:
Like (ill) above, the interest charged by the bank and the amount of the bank charges are entered in the customer's account and later in the pass book the customer makes the required entries in his cash book only after he sees the pass book
(v) Dishonour of a bill discounted with the bank :
If the bank is not able to receive payment on promissory notes discounted by it, it will debit the customer's account together with any charges that it may have incurred. The customer will naturally make the entry only when he sees the pass book. But till such entry is passed, the balances shown by cash book and pass book would differ.
(vi) Bills collected by the bank on behalf of the customer :
If goods are sold, the documents may be sent through the bank. If the bank is able to collect the amount, it will credit the customer's account. The customer may make the entry only on receiving the pass book on a later date

Depreciation = \(\frac { 1,00,000-10,000 }{ 10 } \)
= \(\frac { 1,00,000 }{ 10 } \)
Depreciation = Rs 10,000 p.a.
In the Books of 

Working Note:
Dis. for whole year = Rs 3,600
Dis. for 3 months = Rs 900
Cash received = Rs 30,000 - Rs 900 = Rs 29,100
Amount of Discount = 30,000 x \(\frac{12}{100}\times \frac{3}{12}\) = 900
Note: On payment of the bill, no entry will be made.