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11th Standard English Medium Biology (Botany) Subject Transport in Plants Book Back 2 Mark Questions with Solution updated Book back Questions

Published on: 13/05/2022

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Std: 11th Standard - Biology

chapter: - Book back Questions

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Questions:

Generic 3

2 x 3 = 6

If the concentration of salt in the soil is too high and the plants may wilt even if the field is thoroughly irrigated. Explain

How phosphorylase enzyme open the stomata in starch sugar interconversion theory?

Generic 2

3 x 2 = 6

List out the non-photosynthetic parts of a plant that need a supply of sucrose?

Enumerate the significance of diffusion in plants?

Define 'Diffusion'.

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Answers Key:

Generic 3

2 x 3 = 6

High concentration of salt in the soil leads to high osmotic potential, which may a result in wilting of plants due to following reasons.
(a) This may be due to osmotic withdrawal of water from a cell or system when it is placed in a hypertonic solution called Exosmosis.
(b) Exosmosis in a plant cell leads to plasmolysis. As a result of water loss in the cell protoplasm shrinks and the cell membrane is pulled away from the cell wall and finally the cell becomes flaccid.

1. The discovery of enzyme phosphorylase in guard cells by Hanes (1940) greatly supports the starch-sugar interconversion theory.
2. The enzyme phosphorylase hydrolyses starch into sugar and high pH followed by endosmosis and the opening of stomata during light. The vice versa takes place during the night.

Generic 2

3 x 2 = 6

Roots, buds, matured stem, flowers and fruits.

Significance of diffusion in Plants:
1. Gaseous exchange of O₂ and CO₂ between the atmosphere and stomata of leaves takes place by the process of diffusion. O2 is absorbed during respiration and CO₂ is absorbed during photosynthesis.
2. In respiration, water vapour from intercellular spaces diffuses into the atmosphere through stomata by the process of diffusion.
3. The diffusion of ions of mineral salts during passive absorption also takes place by this process.

The net movement of molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration along a concentration gradient until an equilibrium is attained.