(i) Mahatma Gandhiji was involved directly in the making of the constitution nor was the member of constituent assembly
(ii) However, his influence on the making and makers of the constitution was immense
(iii) Hisidea of equality of all both social and economic , special provisions to minority, women and lower caste was adopted in the constitution.
(iv) The constitution also lays special emphasis on Panchayati raj, self-reliance,socialism. These all; were the core alues of gandhiji philosophy's.

The basic values embodied into institutional arrangements were
(i) The value of the universal adult franchise was embodied by laying down a procedure for choosing persons to govern the country, i.e., how elections will be conducted.
(ii) The value of right to freedom and equality was embodied by providing fundamental rights to all citizens, which will not be violated.
(iii) The Value of being in accordance with people's aspirations and changes in society was embodied by provisions to incorporate changes from time to time, which are called constitutional amendments.

The making of the Constitution for a huge and diverse country like India was not an easy affair. The country was born through a partition which was a traumatic experience. The major factors which contributed to the making of our Constitution were
(i) At that time, people of India were emerging from the status of subjects to that of citizens. They became conscious of their rights and privileges.
(ii) Our leaders gained confidence to learn from other countries, but on our own terms. Many of them were inspired by the ideals of the French Revolution.
(iii) They were also influenced by the practices of Parliamentary democracy in Britain and the Bill of Rights in the US.
(iv) Social Revolution in Russia inspired many Indians to think of shaping a system based on social and economic equality.
(v) The makers of the Constitution were not simply imitating the Constitution of other countries. At each step, they were questioning whether the values and ideals they accepted suited our country or not.

The making of the Constitution for a huge and diverse country like India was not an easy affair. The country was born through a partition which was a traumatic experience.
The major factors which contributed to the making of our Constitution were
(i) At that time, people of India were emerging from the status of subjects to that of citizens. They became conscious of their rights and privileges.
(ii) Our leaders gained confidence to learn from other countries, but on our own terms. Many of them were inspired by the ideals of the French Revolution.
(iii) They were also influenced by the practices of Parliamentary democracy in Britain and the Bill of Rights in the US.

The Constitution of South Africa has inspired democrats allover the world.

One big advantage for the makers of the Indian Constitution as compare to South Africa was that Indian have consensus about the nature and type of democratic India should be.

The apartheid system divided the people ob the basis of their skin color.
1. The native people of South Africa are black in color.
2. Besides black South African and white European, there were people of mixed races who were called 'colored' and people who migrated from India.
3. The white rulers treated all nonwhites as inferiors.

In India, British occupied it and ruled over without any interest to settle down whereas in South Africa a large number of 'whites' settled and became the local rulers.

(a) Nelson Mandela said these words
(b) Nelson Mandela belongs to South Africa

Members of the Constituent Assembly did not have the same views in all provisions of the constitution. Some members of the Assembly were in favour of adopting the unitary form of government while others were for federal system. Most of the issue were debated in the meetings of the Assembly and decisions were taken either by voting or by consensus.