Two of the steps involved in producing nematoderesistant tobacco plants based on the process of RNAi are given. Write the missing steps in proper sequence in the blank spaces a, c, d, f, g and h provided.

A child is born with a very weak immune system due to the deficiency of an enzyme; it is a hereditary disorder. The doctor explained the available methods of treatment and advised for gene therapy.
(a) Identify the deficient enzyme and the cause of it.
(b) What is gene therapy?
(c) ame two other methods available for the treatment of this disease.

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Golden rice was engineered from normal rice by Potrykus and Beyer in the 1990s. The typical golden colour is due to the production of \(\beta\) carotene a precursor of vitamin - A. Golden rice differs from its parental strain by the addition of three \(\beta\) carotene genes. These included two genes from daffodil plant and third from a bacterium. The incorporation of these genes allows the rice plant to modify certain metabolic pathways in its cells to produce \(\beta\)-carotene.
(i) Due to genetic modification golden rice plants produce and store \(\beta\) - carotene in

(ii) Transfer of genes to produce golden rice is achieved by

(iii) In golden rice two genes were taken from

(iv) Golden rice is helpful to fight against disease caused by the deficiency of

(v) Golden rice was genetically engineered by

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
Transgenic animals can serve as factories that in some cases, may produce large amount of proteins more efficiently. Transgenic mice have been engineered to express human antibodies by introducing large segment of human DNA encoding human immunoglobulin genes. In transgenic large animals such as cow or sheep proteins of pharmaceutical value can be produced in large quantities in milk which is later purified. Transgenesis can be used to alter many phenotypic properties including growth rate, fat composition, milk production, hair texture, etc.
(i) The production of transgenic animals includes

(ii) In transgenic animals, i.e., cow and sheep proteins of pharmaceutical value are produced in large quantities in the

(iii) Mouse is mostly preferred animal for studies on gene transfer because
A. short oestrous cycle
B.long gestation period
C.Short generation time
D.Production of one or two offspring per pregnancy

(iv) Transgenic genes alter many phenotypic properties including

(v) Assertion : Transgenic mice have been engineered to express human antibodies.
Reason : Large segment of human DNA encoding human immunoglobulin have been transferred to mice.

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v) given below:
European patent office, Munich granted patent for fungicidal use of neem oil, to firm of WR. Grace & Co. It was challenged by Vandana Shiva and Ajay Phadke who had researched neem in India and it was shown that Grace & Co. had not unveiled any novelty factor in neerns properties. Ethics include rules of conduct by which a community regulates the behaviour and decides as to which activity is lawful and which is not.
(i)_________ allow private, monopoly right over animals and plants.

(ii) Which of the following is not a criteria of granting patent?

(iii) On which plants patents have been granted?

(iv) Rules of conduct that may be used to regulate our activities in relation to biological world are included in

(v) Assertion : Genes and cells should not be patented.
Reason : Genes and cells are not an inventions