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12th Standard English Medium Computer Science Subject Data Abstraction Book Back 2 Mark Questions with Solution updated Book back Questions

Published on: 13/05/2022

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Questions:

2 Marks

What is abstract data type?

Differentiate constructors and selectors.

What is a Pair? Give an example.

What is a List? Give an example.

What is a Tuple? Give an example.

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Answers Key:

2 Marks

(i) Abstract Data type (ADT) is a type (or class) for objects whose behavior is defined by a set of value and a set of operations.
(ii) The definition of ADT only mentions what operations are to be performed but not how these operations will be implemented.

S.No	Constructors	Selectors
(i)	Constructors are functions that build the abstract data type.	Selectors are functions that retrieve information from the data type.
(ii)	Constructors create an object, bundling together different pieces of information.	Selectors extract individual pieces of information from the object

(i) Any way of bundling two values together into one can be considered as a Pair. Lists are a common method to do so. Therefore List can be called as Pairs.
(ii) Example: List = [10,20,30]

List is constructed by placing expressions within square brackets separated by commas. List can store multiple values.
Example:
1st := [10, 20]
x, y:= 1st
In the above example x will become 10 and y will become 20.

(i) A tuple is a comma-separated sequence of values surrounded with parentheses. Tuple is similar to a list.
(ii) The difference between the two is that you cannot change the elements of a tuple once it is assigned whereas in a list, elements can be changed
(iii) Example : colour = ('red', 'blue, 'Green')