1) Nationalism means loyalty and devotion to a nation 
2) It is a consciousness or tendency to exalt and place one nation above all the others, emphasising promotion of its culture and interests as opposed to those of other nations.

1) The indigo revolt of 1859-60 was one of the responses from the Indian farmer to the oppressive policy of the British.
2) Indian tenants were forced to grow indigo by their planters who were mostly Europeans. Used to dye the clothes indigo was in high demand in Europe.

1) Abolition of custom duty on cotton manufactures imported from England and levy of excise duty on cotton fabrics manufactured in india created nationwide discontent.
2) During the viceroyalty of Ripon the indian judges were empowered through the IIbert Bill to try the europeans.
3) Bit in the face of resistance from the Europeans the bill was amended to suit the European interests.

1) In a Petition submitted in December 1852, the MNA pointed out that the ryotwari and zamindari systems had thrown agricultural classes into deep distress.
2) It urged the revival of the ancient village system to free the peasantry from the oppressive interference of the Zamindars and the company officials.
3) The Petition also made a complaint about the judicial system which was slow, Complicated and imperfect.
4) It pointed out that the appointment of the judges without assessing their judicial knowledge and competence in the local languages affected the efficiency of the judiciary.

Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak.