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TN 12th Accountancy Computerised Accounting System - Tally Sample Question Papers Study Material - QB365 Set A

Published on: 22/08/2026

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Std: 12th Standard - Accountancy

chapter: Computerised Accounting System - Tally - Sample Question Papers

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Questions:

Multiple Choice Question

10 x 1 = 10

If both items in a ratio are from balance sheet, it is classified as___________

(a)

Inter statement ratio

(b)

Income statement ratio

(c)

Balance sheet ratio

(d)

All of these

To change current data from Gateway of Tally press the key _________

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

Current liabilities Rs. 40,000; Current assets Rs. 1,00,000 ; Inventory Rs. 20,000. Quick ratio is

(a)

1:1

(b)

2.5:1

(c)

2:1

(d)

1:2

To test the liquidity of a concern, which of the following ratios are useful?
(i) Quick ratio
(ii) Net profit ratio
(iii) Debt-equity ratio
(iv) Current ratio
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

(a)

(i) and (ii)

(b)

(i) and (iv)

(c)

(ii) and (iii)

(d)

(ii) and (iv)

Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below:
List IList II (i) Current ratio 1. Liquidity (ii) Net profit ratio 2. Efficiency (iii) Debt-equity ratio 3. Long term solvency (iv) Inventory turnover ratio 4. Profitability

(a)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1 4 3 2

(b)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 3 2 4 1

(c)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 4 3 2 1

(d)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1 2 3 4

Current ratio indicates

(a)

Ability to meet short term obligations

(b)

Efficiency of management

(c)

Profitability

(d)

Long term solvency

Which of the following options is used to view Trial Balance from Gateway of Tally?

(a)

Gateway of Tally -> Reports -> Trial Balance

(b)

Gateway of Tally -> Trial Balance

(c)

Gateway of Tally -> Reports -> Display -> Trial Balance

(d)

None of these

Rs. 25,000 withdrawn from bank for office use. In which voucher type, this transaction will be recorded?

(a)

Contra Voucher

(b)

Receipt Voucher

(c)

Payment Voucher

(d)

Sales Voucher

Which is not the default group in Tally?

(a)

Suspense account

(b)

Outstanding expense

(c)

Sales account

(d)

Investments

10.

Contra voucher is used for

(a)

Master entry

(b)

Withdrawal of cash from bank for office use

(c)

Reports

(d)

Credit purchase of assets

Generic 2

7 x 2 = 14

11.

What is MIS?

12.

From the following details of a business concern calculate net profit ratio.

Particulars	Rs.
Revenue from operations	3,50,000
Cost of revenue from operations	1,50,000
Administration expenses	50,000
Selling expenses	10,000

13.

Calculate quick ratio of Ananth Constructions Ltd from the information given below.

Particulars	Rs.
Total current liabilities	1,00,000
Total current assets	2,50,000
Inventories	50,000
Prepaid expenses	15,000

14.

From the following information of Geetha Ltd., calculate fixed assets turnover ratio
(i) Revenue from operations during the year were Rs. 55,00,000.
(ii) Fixed assets at the end of the year Rs. 5,00,000.

15.

What is Accounting Information System (AIS)?

16.

What are accounting reports?

17.

What is automated accounting system?

Generic 3

7 x 3 = 21

18.

Write the Gateway of Tally to view the following.
(i) Profit and Loss A/c
(ii) Balance Sheet
(iii) Day Book

19.

From the following figures obtained from Kalpana Ltd, calculate the trade payables turnover ratio and credit payment period (in days).

Particulars	Rs.
Credit purchases during 2018 – 2019	1,00,000
Trade creditors as on 1.4.2018	20,000
Trade creditors as on 31.3.2019	10,000
Bills payable as on 1.4.2018	4,000
Bills payable as on 31.3.2019	6,000

20.

From the following figures obtained from Arjun Ltd, calculate the trade payables turnover ratio and credit payment period (in days).

Particulars	Rs
Credit purchases during 2018 – 2019	9,50,000
Trade creditors as on 1.4.2018	60,000
Trade creditors as on 31.3.2019	50,000
Bills payable as on 1.4.2018	45,000
Bills payable as on 31.3.2019	35,000

21.

From the following Balance Sheet of Sundaram Ltd. calculate proprietary ratio:

**Balance Sheet of Sundaram Ltd. as on 31.3.2019**
Particulars	Amount Rs.
I. EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
1. Shareholders' funds
(a) Share capital
(i) Equity share capital	2,50,000
(ii) Preference share capital	1,50,000
(b) Reserves and surplus	50,000
2. Non-current liabilities
Long-term borrowings	-
3. Current liabilities
Trade payables	1,50,000
Total	6,00,000
II ASSETS
1. Non-current assets
(a) Fixed assets	4,60,000
(b) Non-current investments	1,00,000
2. Current assets
Cash and Cash equivalents	40,000
Total	6,00,000

22.

Explain how to view profit and loss statement in Tally.ERP 9.

23.

Mention the commonly used voucher types in Tally.ERP 9.

24.

What are the pre-defined ledgers available in Tally.ERP 9?

Generic 5

6 x 5 = 30

25.

Record the following transactions in Tally.
(a) Devi commenced a business with a capital of ₹ 4,00,000
(b) An account was opened with Indian Bank and deposited ₹ 60,000
(c) Purchased furniture by paying cash ₹ 15,000
(d) Goods purchased on credit from Sumathy for ₹ 50,000
(e) Cash sales made for ₹ 10,000
(f) Goods purchased from Raja for ₹ 5,000 and paid by cheque
(g) Goods sold to Aran on credit for ₹ 70,000
(h) Money is withdrawn from bank for office use ₹ 25,000
(i) Part payment of ₹ 30,000 made to Sumathy by cheque
(j) Aran made part payment of ₹ 10,000 by cash
(k) Salaries paid to staff through ECS ₹ 36,000
(l) Carriage on purchases of ₹ 6,000 paid by cash
(m) Purchased computer from Muthu Ltd. on credit ₹ 44,000

26.

The following Balance Sheet has been prepared from the books of White on 1.4.2018.

Liabilities	Rs	Assets	Rs
Capital	4,52,000	Building	2,00,000
Sundry Creditors (Babu A/c)	48,000	Furniture	2,000
		Stock	40,000
		Sundry Debtors Venkat	1,00,00
		Cash in hand	30,000
		Cash at bank	1,10,000
	5,00,000		5,00,000

During the year the following transaction took place
(a)  Wages paid by Cash Rs. 4,000
(b)  Rent paid by check Rs. 1,000
(c)  Cash purchases made for Rs. 6,000
(d)  Goods purchased on credit from Mathi Rs. 3,000
(e)  Goods sold on Credit to Kala Rs. 50,000
(f)   Payment made to Mathi by cheque Rs. 10,000 ,
(g) Cash received from Venkat Rs. 60,000
(h) Cash Sales made for Rs. 12,000
(i)  Depreciate Building @ 10% ,
(j)  Closing Stock on 31.03.2019 Rs. 30,000
You are-required to prepare trading and profit for the year ended 31.03.2019 and a balance sheet as on that using Tally.

27.

Calculate (i) Inventory turnover ratio (ii) Trade receivables turnover ratio (iii) Trade payables turnover ratio and (iv) Fixed assets turnover ratio from the following information obtained from Dolphin Ltd.

Particulars	As on 31^st March 2017 Rs.	As on 31^st March 2018 Rs.
Inventory	70,000	50,000
Trade receivables	40,000	30,000
Trade payables	20,000	25,000
Fixed assets	2,75,000	2,50,000

Additional information:
(i) Revenue from operations for the year Rs.5,25,000
(ii) Purchases for the year Rs.2,25,000
(iii) Cost of revenue from operations Rs.3,00,000
Assume that sales and purchases are for credit

28.

From the following Balance Sheet of Arunan Ltd. as on 31.03.2019 calculate
(i) Debt-equity ratio
(ii) Proprietary ratio and
(iii) Capital gearing ratio.

Balance Sheet of Arunan Ltd. as on 31.03.2019
Particulars	Rs.
I EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
1. Shareholders' funds
(a) Share capital
Equity share capital	1,50,000
8% Preference share capital	2,00,000
(b) Reserves and surplus	1,50,000
2. Non current liabilities
Long term borrowings (9% Debentures)	4,00,000
3. Current liabilities
Short-term borrowings from banks	25,000
Trade payables	75,000
Total	10,00,000
II ASSETS
1. Non-current assets
Fixed assets	7,50,000
2. Current assets
(a) Inventories	1,20,000
(b) Trade receivables	1,00,000
(c) Cash and cash equivalents	27,500
(d) Other current assets
Expenses paid in advance	2,500
Total	10,00,000

29.

Calculate
(i) Inventory turnover ratio
(ii) Trade receivables turnover ratio
(iii) Trade payables turnover ratio and
(iv) Fixed assets turnover ratio from the following information obtained from Aruna Ltd.

Particulars	As on 31^st March, 2019 Rs.	As on 31^st March, 2019 Rs.
Inventory	3,60,000	4,40,000
Trade receivables	7,40,000	6,60,000
Trade payables	1,90,000	2,30,000
Fixed assets	6,00,000	8,00,000

Additional information:
(i) Revenue from operations for the year Rs. 35,00,000
(ii) Purchases for the year Rs. 21,00,000
(iii) Cost of revenue from operations Rs. 16,00,000.
Assume that sales and purchases are for credit.

30.

The following balance sheet has been prepared from the books of Pearl on 1-4-2018.

Liabilities	Rs.	Assets	Rs.
Capital	2,26,000	Buildings	1,00,000
Sundry creditors:		Furniture	10,000
Maya A/c	24,000	Stock	20,000
		Sundry debtors
		Peter	50,000
		Cash in hand	15,000
		Cash at bank	55,000
	2,50,000		2,50,000

During the year the following transactions took place.
(a) Wages paid by cash Rs. 2,000
(b) Salaries paid by cheque Rs. 5,000
(c) Cash purchases made for Rs. 3,000
(d) Good purchased on credit from Yazhini Rs. 15,000
(e) Goods sold on credit to Jothi Rs. 25,000
(f) Payment made to Yazhini through NEFT Rs. 5,000
(g) Cash received from Peter Rs. 30,000
(h) Cash sales made for Rs. 6,000
(i) Depreciate buildings at 10%
(j) Closing stock on 31.03.2019 Rs. 15,000
You are required to prepare trading and profit and loss account for the year ended 31-03-2019 and a balance sheet as on that date using Tally.

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Answers Key:

Multiple Choice Question

10 x 1 = 10

(b)
F2

(b)
(i) and (iv)

(a)
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1 4 3 2

(a)
Ability to meet short term obligations

(a)
Contra Voucher

(b)
Outstanding expense

10.

(b)
Withdrawal of cash from bank for office use

Generic 2

7 x 2 = 14

11.

(i) A Management Information System (MIS) is a system that provides information for decision making at all levels of management.
(ii) It includes manufacturing information system, marketing information system, human resource information system and accounting information system.

12.

Net profit ratio = \(\cfrac { Net\ profit\ after\ tax }{ Revenue\ from\ operations } \times 100=\cfrac { 1,40,000 }{ 3,50,000 } \times 40\)
Net profit = Revenue from operations – Cost of revenue from operations – Administration
expenses – Selling expenses
= 3,50,000 – 1,50,000 – 50,000 – 10,000 = Rs.1,40,000
Tutorial note
It is assumed that there is no tax payable.

13.

Quick ratio = \(\frac{Quick\ assets}{Current\ liabilities}\) = \(\frac{1,85,000}{1,00,000}\) = 1.85:1
Quick assets = Current assets – Inventories – Prepaid expenses
= 2,50,000 – 50,000 – 15,000
= Rs.1,85,000

14.

Fixed assets turnover ratio = \(\frac { Revenue\ from\ operations }{ Average\ fixed\ assets } \)
= \(\frac { 55,00,000 }{ 5,00,000 } \) = 11 times

15.

Accounting Information System (AIS) collects financial data, processes them and provides information to the various users. To provide information AIS requires data from other information system that is manufacturing, marketing and human resources.

16.

Accounting report is a compilation of accounting information that are derived from the accounting records of a business concern. Accounting reports may be classified as routine reports and special purpose reports.

17.

(i) Automated accounting is an approach to maintain up-to-date accounting records with the aid of accounting software.
(ii) Under manual accounting system entries are made in different books of accounts while accounting software packages sallow manual entry in one field or one place.

Generic 3

7 x 3 = 21

18.

i) Profit and loss A/c
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Profit and Loss A/c > Alt F1 (detailed) (or) F10 : A/c Reports > Profit and Loss A/c > Alt F1 (detailed)
ii) Balance Sheet
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Balance sheet > Alt F1 (detailed) (or) F10: A/c Reports > Balance sheet > Alt F1 (detailed)
iii) Day book
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Display > Day book > Alt F1 (detailed) (or) F10: A/c Reports > Display > Alt F1 (detailed)
Note : Alt F1 (detailed)- Full marks can be awarded given even Alt F1 (detailed) if not written

19.

Trade payables turnover ratio = \(\frac{Net\ credit\ purchases}{Average\ trade\ payables}\) = \(\frac{1,00,000}{20,000}\) = 5 times
Average trade payables = \(\frac{Opening\ trade\ payables + Closing\ trade\ payables}{2}\)
= \(\frac{(20,000 + 4,000) + (10,000 + 6,000)}{2}\) = Rs.20,000
payment period (in days) = \(\frac{Number\ of\ days\ in\ a\ year}{Trade\ payables\ turnover\ ratio}\) = \(\frac{365}{5}\) = 73 days.

20.

Trade payables turnover ratio = \(\frac { Net\ credit\ purchases }{ Average\ trade\ payables } \)
Net credit purchases = Rs.9,50,000
Average trade payables = \(\frac { Opening\ trade\ payables+Closing\ trade\ payables }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { (60,000+45,000)+(50,000+35,000) }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 1,05,000+85,000 }{ 2 } =\frac { 1,90,000 }{ 2 } \) = Rs.95,000
Trade payables turnover ratio = \(\frac { 9,50,000 }{ 95,000 } \) = 10 times
Credit payment period (in days) = \(\frac { Number\ of\ days\ in\ a\ year }{ Trade\ payables\ turn\ over\ ratio } \)
= \(\frac { 365 }{ 10 } \) = 36.5 days

21.

Proprietary ratio = \(\frac { Shareholder's\ funds }{ Totalassets } \)
Shareholder's funds = Equity share capital + Preference share capital + Reserves and surplus
= Rs.2,50,000 + Rs.1,50,000 + Rs.50,000 = Rs.4,50,000
Total assets = Rs.6,00,000
∴ Proprietary ratio = \(\frac { 4,50,000 }{ 6,00,000 } \) = 0.75 : 1

22.

To View Profit and Loss Account
F10: A/c Reports > Profit & Loss A/c > Alt F1 (detailed)
(or)
Gateway of Tally > Reports> Profit & Loss A/c > Alt F1 (detailed)

23.

Following are some of the major accounting vouchers used in an organisation:
(i) Receipt Voucher
(ii) Payment Voucher
(iii) Contra Voucher
(iv) Purchase Voucher
(v) Sales Voucher
(vi) Journal Voucher

24.

In Tally, to record transactions, the transactions are to be identified with the related ledger accounts. In Tally ERP 9, there are two types of pre. defined ledgers.
(i) Cash: Under the group cash-in-hand this ledger is created, you can enter the opening balance as on the books beginning from.
(ii) Profit and loss account : This ledger is created under the group primary. In this ledger previous year's profit or loss is entered as the opening-balance of this ledger.
To create ledger:
Gateway of Tally ➝ Masters >
Accounts Info > Ledgers >
Single Ledger > create

Generic 5

6 x 5 = 30

25.

Samacheer Kalvi 12th Accountancy Solutions Chapter 10 Computerised Accounting System-Tally
Solution:
The following steps are to be followed to enter the transactions in Tally ERP9,
1. To Create Company Company Info > Create Company
Type the Name as Kumar and keep all other fields as they are and choose. “Yes” to accept
2. To maintain accounts only
Gateway of Tally > FI 1 Accounting Features > General > Maintain Accounts only: ‘Yes’ > Accept: Yes
3. To create ledger accounts
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Accounts Info > Ledger > Single Ledger > Create
(i) To create Kumar’s Capital A/c
Name: Kumar’s Capital A/c
Under: Capital Account Accept: Yes
(ii) To create State Bank of India A/c
Name: State Bank of India A/c
Under: Bank Accounts
Accept: Yes
(iii) To create Furniture A/c
Name: Furniture A/c
Under: Fixed Assets
Accept: Yes
(iv) To create Purchases A/c
Name: Purchases A/c
Under: Purchase
Accept: Yes
(v) To create Kalpana A/c
Name: Kalpana
Under: Sundry Creditors
Accept: Yes
(vi) To create Sales A/c
Name: Sales A/c
Under: Sales Account
Accept: Yes
(vii) To create Venu A/c
Name: Venu A/c
Under: Sundry Debtors A/c
Accept: Yes
(viii) To create Salaries A/c
Name: Salaries A/c
Under: Indirect Expenses
Accept: Yes
(ix) To create Carriage A/c
Name: Carriage A/c
Under: Direct Expenses
Accept: Yes
(x) To create Computer A/c
Name: Computer A/c
Under: Assets
Accept: Yes
(xi) To create Maria Ltd A/c
Name: Maria Ltd A/c
Under: Sundry Creditors
Accept: Yes
4. To enter transactions through vouchers
Gateway of Tally > Transactions > Accounting vouchers
(i) Kumar commenced a business with a capital of Rs. 5,00,000
F6: Receipt Voucher Account: Cash
Particulars: Kumar’s Capital A/c
(Choose from the List of Ledger Accounts)
Enter the amount of capital: Rs. 5,00,000
Narration: Capital introduced Accept: Yes
(ii) An Account was opened with the State Bank of India and deposited Rs. 80,000
F4: Contra Voucher Account: State Bank of India
Particulars: Cash Amount: Rs. 80,000
Narration: Opened Bank Account in SBI
Accept: Yes
(iii) Purchased furniture by paying cash Rs. 20,000
F5: Payment Voucher Account: Cash
Particulars: Furniture A/c
Amount: Rs. 20,000
Narration: Furniture bought by cash
Accept: Yes
(iv) Goods purchased on credit from Kalpana Rs. 60,000
F9: Purchase Voucher Party A/c Name: Kalpana A/c
Particulars: Purchases A/c Amount: Rs. 60,000
Narration: Goods purchased on credit from Kalpana Accept: Yes
(v) Cash Sales made for Rs. 20,000
F8: Sales Voucher Account: Cash
Particulars: Sales A/c Amount: Rs. 20,000
Narration: Cash Sales made Accept: Yes
(vi) Goods purchased from Arun for Rs. 7,000 and money deposited in CDM.
F9: Purchase Voucher Account: Cash
Particulars: Purchase A/c Amount: Rs. 7,000
Narration: Cash Purchases made Accept: Yes
(vii) Goods sold to Venu on credit for Rs. 80,000
F8: Sales Voucher Party A/c Name: Venu A/c
Particulars: Sales A/c Amount: Rs. 80,000
Narration: Goods sold on credit to Venu Accept: Yes
(viii) Money is withdrawn from bank for office use Rs. 35,000
F4: Contra Voucher Account: Cash
Particulars: State Bank of India A/c Amount: Rs. 35,000
Narration: Cash withdrawn from bank Accept: Yes
(ix) Part Payment of Rs. 40,000 made to Kalpana by Cheque
F5: Payment Voucher Account: State Bank of India
Particulars: Kalpana Amount: Rs. 40,000
Narration: Payment made to Kalpana by Cheque Accept: Yes
(x) Salaries paid to staff through ECS Rs. 45,000
F5: Payment Voucher Account: State Bank of India
Particulars: Salaries A/c Amount: Rs. 45,000
Narration: Salaries paid through ECS Accept: Yes
(xi) Carriage of Rs. 8,000 paid by cash
F5: Payment Voucher Account: Cash
Particulars: Carriage A/c Amount: Rs. 8,000
Narration: Carriage paid by Cash Accept: Yes
(xii) Purchases computer from Maria Ltd. on credit Rs. 50,000
F7: Journal Voucher
Particulars: Computer
Amount: Rs. 50,000 To Maria Ltd. Amount: Rs. 50,000
Narration: Computer bought on credit from Maria Ltd. Accept: Yes
5. To view reports
(i) To view Trial Balance
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Display > Trial Balance > Alt FI (detailed)
(ii) To view Profit and Loss Account
F10: A/c Reports > Profit and Loss A/c > Alt FI (detailed) or
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Profit and Loss A/c and Alt FI (detailed)
(iii) To view Balance Sheet
F10: A/c Reports > Balance Sheet > Alt FI (detailed) (or)
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Balance Sheet > Alt FI (detailed)
(iv) To view Ratio Analysis
F10: A/c Reports > Ratio Analysis (or)
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Ratio Analysis
(v) To view Day Book
F10: A/c Reports > Day Book> Alt FI (detailed) (or)
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Display > Day Book > Alt FI (detailed)

26.

Following steps are to be followed to enter the transactions in Tally-ERP 9
1. To create Company
Company Info > Create Company
Type the Name as White and keep all other fields as they are and choose "Yes" to accept.
2.To maintain accounts only.
Gateway of Tally > F11 Accounting Features > General > Maintain accounts only: Yes > Accept: Yes.
3. To Create ledger accounts with opening balances.
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Account Info > Ledgers > ·Single Ledger > Create
Note: Cash account need not be created as it is a default ledger. Only the opening balance has to be recorded by altering the cash account.
To record the opening balance of Cash
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Accounts Info > Ledgers > Single Ledger > Alter
After creating the ledgers and recording the opening balances of Ledger accounts the balance sheet of Pearl is shown as in the following figure.

Creation of	Name	Under	Opening Balance	Accept
White's Capital A/c	White's Capital A/c	Capital Account	4,52,000	Yes
Babu A/c	Babu A/c	Sundry Creditors	48,000	Yes
(Sundry Creditors)
Building A/c	Building A/c	Fixed assets	20,000	Yes
Furniture A/c	Furniture A/c	Fixed assets	20,000	Yes
Opening Stock	Opening Stock	Stock-in-hand	40,000	Yes
Venkat A/c	Venkat A/c	Sundry Debtors A/c	1,00,000	Yes
(Sundry Debtor)
Cash-in-hand	Cash	Cash-in-hand	30,000	Yes
Cash at bank	Bank	Bank Account	1,10,000	Yes

To record the opening balance of Cash
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Accounts Info > Ledgers > Single Ledger > Alter After creating the ledgers and recording the opening balances of Ledger accounts the balance sheet of calculate is shown as in the following figure.
4. To create ledger accounts for transaction

Creation of	Name	Under	Accept
Wages A/c	Wages A/c	Direct Expenses	Yes
Rent A/c	Rent A/c	Indirect Expenses	Yes
Purchases A/c	Purchases A/c	Purchases Account	Yes
Babu A/c	Babu A/c	Sundry Creditors	Yes
Sales A/c	Sales A/c	Sales Account	Yes
Venkat A/c	Venkat A/c	Sundry Debtors A/c	Yes
Depreciation A/c	Depreciation A/c	Indirect Expenses	Yes

5. To Enter transactions through Vouchers
Gateway of Tally Transactions > Accounting Vouchers
Example: Wages of Rs. 4,000 paid by Cash
F5: Payment Voucher
Account: Cash
Particulars: Wages A/c
Amount: Rs. 4,000
Narration: Wages paid by cash
Accept: Yes
In the similar way record the other transactions. Use Payment Voucher for rent paid and payment to Babu. Use Purchase Voucher for credit Purchase from Babu and Cash Purchases.
Use Sales Voucher for Credit Sales to Venkat and Cash Sales
Use Receipt Voucher for Cash received from Venkat
Use Journal Voucher for depreciation
To record Closing Stock
Since maintain accounts only is set to "Yes" and integrate accounts and inventory is set to 'No' under accounting features. Stock has to be recorded manually. Hence, the close stock has to be recorded by altering the stock account and while entering the date of closing stock. The date of opening stock has to be entered. The following procedure is to be followed.
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Accounts Info > Ledgers > Single Ledger > Alter > Stock > Closing Balance > Date (Opening date) > Amount > Accept: Yes
To view reports
(i) To view Profit and Loss Account
F10: A/c Reports > Profit & Loss A/c > Alt + F1 (detailed)
(or)
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Profit & Loss A/c > Alt + F1 (detailed)
(ii) To view Balance sheet
F10: A/c Reports > Balance Sheet > Alt + F1 (detailed)
(or)
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Balance Sheet > Alt + F1 (detailed)

27.

(i) Inventory turnover ratio = \(\frac { Cost\quad of\quad revenue\quad from\quad operations }{ Average\quad inventory } \)
Average inventory = \(\frac { Opening\quad inventory+Closing\quad inventory }{ 2 } \)
=\(\frac { 70,000+50,000 }{ 2 } \) = 60,000
∴ Inventory turnover ratio =\(\frac { 3,00,000 }{ 60,000 } \) = 5 times.
(ii) Trade receivables turnover ratio = \(\frac { Credit\quad revenue\quad from\quad operations }{ Average\quad trade\quad receivables } \)
Average trade receivables = \(\frac { Opening\quad trade\quad receivables+Closing\quad trade\quad receivables }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 40,000+30,000 }{ 2 } \) = 35,000
∴ Trade receivables turnover ratio = \(\frac { 5,25,000 }{ 35,000 } \) = 15 times
(iii) Trade payables turnover ratio = \(\frac { Net\quad credit\quad purchases }{ Average\quad trade\quad payables } \)
Average trade payables = \(\frac { Opening\quad trade\quad payables+Closing\quad trade\quad payables }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 20,000+25,000 }{ 2 } =\frac { 45,000 }{ 2 } \)
= Rs.22,500
∴ Trade payables turnover ratio =\(\frac { 2,25,000 }{ 22,500 } \) = 10 times.
(iv) Fixed assets turnover ratio = \(\frac { Revenue\quad from\quad operations }{ Average\quad fixed\quad assets } \)
Average fixed assets = \(\frac { Opening\quad fixed\quad assets+Closing\quad fixed\quad assets }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 2,75,000+2,50,000 }{ 2 } =\frac { 4,75,000 }{ 2 } \)
= Rs.2,62,500
∴ Fixed assets turnover ratio = \(\frac { 5,25,000 }{ 2,62,500 } \) = 2 times

28.

(i) Debt equity ratio = \(\frac{Long\ term\ debt}{Shareholders'funds}\) = \(\frac{4,00,000}{5,00,000}\) = 0.8:1
Long term debt = 9% Debentures = Rs.4,00,000
Shareholders’ funds = Equity share capital + Preference share capital + Reserves and surplus
= 1,50,000 + 2,00,000 + 1,50,000 = Rs.5,00,000
(ii) Proprietary ratio = \(\frac{Shareholders'funds}{Total\ assets}\) = \(\frac{5,00,000}{10,00,000}\) = 0.5:1
(iii) Capital gearing ratio = \(\frac{Funds\ bearing\ fixed interest\ and\ dividend}{Equity\ Shareholders'funds}\) = \(\frac{6,00,000}{3,00,000}\) = 2:1
Funds bearing fixed interest or dividend = 8% Preference share capital + 9% Debentures
= 2,00,000 + 4,00,000 = Rs.6,00,000
Equity shareholders’ funds = Equity share capital + Reserves and surplus
= 1,50,000 + 1,50,000 = Rs. 3,00,000

29.

(i) Inventory turnover ratio =  \(\frac { Cost\ of\ revenue\ from\ operations }{ Average\ inventory } \)
Cost of revenue from operations = Rs.16,00,000
Average inventory = \(\frac { Opening\ inventory+Closing\ inventory }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 3,60,000+4,40,000 }{ 2 } =\frac { 8,00,000 }{ 2 } \) = 4,00,000
∴ Inventory turnover ratio =  \(\frac { 16,00,000 }{ 4,00,000 } \) = 4 times
(ii) Trade receivables turnover ratio = \(\frac { Credit\ revenue\ from\ operations }{ Average\ trade\ receivables } \)
Credit revenue from operations = Rs.35,00,000
Average trade receivables = \(\\ \frac { Opening\ trade\ receivables+Closing\ trade\ receivables }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 7,40,000+6,60,000 }{ 2 } =\frac { 14,00,000 }{ 2 } \)
= Rs.7,00,000
∴ Trade receivables turnover ratio =\(\frac { 35,00,000 }{ 7,00,000 } \) = 5 times
(iii) Trade payables turnover ratio = \(\frac{Net credit purchases}{Average trade payables}\)
Net credit purchases = Rs.21,00,000
Average trade payables = \(\frac { Opening\ trade\ payables+Closing\ trade\ payables }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 1,90,000+2,30,000 }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 4,20,000 }{ 2 } \)= Rs.2,10,000
∴ Trade payables turnover ratio =  \(\frac { 21,00,000 }{ 2,10,000 } \) = 10 times
(iv) Fixed assets turnover ratio = \(\frac { Revenue\ from\ operations }{ Average\ fixed\ assets } \)
Revenue from operations = Rs.35,00,000
Average fixed assets = \(\frac { Opening\ fixed\ assets+Closing\ fixed\ assets }{ 2 } \)
= \(\frac { 6,00,000+8,00,000 }{ 2 } =\frac { 14,00,000 }{ 2 } \) = Rs.7,00,000
∴ Fixed assets turnover ratio = \(\frac { 35,00,000 }{ 7,00,000 } \).

30.

Following steps are to be followed to enter the transactions in Tally ERP 9
1. To create company:
Company Info > Create Company
Type the Name as Peral and keep all other fields as they are and choose 'Yes' to accept.
2. To maintain accounts only:
Gateway of Tally > F11 Accounting Features > General > Maintain accounts only: Yes > Accept Yes
3. To create ledger accounts with opening balances:
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Accounts Info> Ledgers> Single Ledger> Create

Creation of	Name	Under	Opening balance	Accept
Bright’s Capital A/c	Bright’s Capital A/c	Capital Account	2,26,000	Yes
Ramesh A/c (Sundry creditors)	Ramesh A/c	Sundry Creditors	24,000	Yes
Machinery A/c	Machinery A/c	Fixed Assets	1,00,000	Yes
Furnitures A/c	Furnitures A/c	Fixed Assets	10,000	Yes
Opening stock	Opening stock	Stock-in -Hand	20,000	Yes
Shankar A/c (Sundry debtors)	Shankar A/c	Sundry Debtors	50,000	Yes
Cash in hand	Cash	Cash-in-Hand	15,000	Yes
Cast at bank	Bank	Bank Accounts	55,000	Yes

Note:
Cash account need not be created as it is a default ledger. Only the opening balance has to be recorded by altering the cash account.
To record the opening balance of Cash
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Accounts Info > Ledgers > Single Ledger > Alter

After creating the ledgers and recording the opening balances of ledger accounts the balance sheet of Bright is shown as in the following figure:

4. To create ledger accounts for transactions

Creation of	Name	Under	Accept
Wages A/c	Wages A/c	Direct Expenses	Yes
Salaries A/c	Rent A/c	Indirect Expenses	Yes
Purchases A/c	Purchases A/c	Purchases Account	Yes
Senthamarai A/c	Senthamarai A/c	Sundry Creditors A/c	Yes
Sales A/c	Sales A/c	Sales Account	Yes
Pushparaj A/c	Pushparaj A/c	Sundry Debtors A/c	Yes
Depreciation A/c	Depreciation A/c	Indirect Expenses	Yes

5. To enter transactions through vouchers
Gateway of Tally > Transactions > Accounting Vouchers
Example: Wages of Rs. 2,000 paid by Cash
F5: Payment Voucher
Account: Cash
Particulars: Wages A/c
Amount: Rs. 2,000
Narration: Wages paid by cash
Accept: Yes
In the similar way, record the other transactions. Use Payment Voucher for Salaries paid and payment to Senthamarai.
Use Purchase Voucher for credit purchases from Senthamarai and cash purchases.
Use Sales Voucher for credit sales to Pushparaj and cash sales.
Use Receipt Voucher for cash received from Shankar.
Use Journal Voucher for depreciation.
To record closing stock:
Since maintain accounts only is set to 'Yes' and integrate accounts and inventory is set to "No" under accounting features. Stock has to be recorded manually. Hence the closing stock has to be recorded by altering the stock account and while entering the data of closing stock, the date of opening stock has to be entered. The following procedure is to be followed:
Gateway of Tally > Masters > Accounts Info > Ledgers > Single Ledger > Alter > Stock > Closing balance > Date (opening date) > Amount > Accept Yes

6. To view reports:
(i) To view Profit and Loss Account:
F10: A/c Reports > Profit & Loss A/c > Alt + F1 (detailed) (or)
Gateway of Tally > Report > Profit & Loss A/c > Alt + F1 (detailed)

(ii) To view Balance sheet:
F10: A/c Reports > Balance sheet > Alt + F1 (detailed) (or)
Gateway of Tally > Reports > Balance Sheet > Alt + F1 (detailed)