Tamilnadu 10th Standard Social Science GEO - Climate and Natural Vegetation of India Important Questions And Answers Study Material - QB365 Set C | QB365

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Tamilnadu 10th Standard Social Science GEO - Climate and Natural Vegetation of India Important Questions And Answers Study Material - QB365 Set C

Published on: 22/10/2025

Question Set C

Tamilnadu 10th Standard Social Science GEO - Climate and Natural Vegetation of India Important Questions And Answers Study Material - QB365

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Std: 10th Standard - Social Science

chapter: GEO - Climate and Natural Vegetation of India - Important Questions And Answers

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Questions:

Generic 2 Distinguish between

22 x 2 = 44

Surface water and ground water.

Food crops and non- food crops.

Thamirabharani and Cauvery.

Internal trade and International trade.

Waterways and Airways.

Roadways and Railways.

Print Media and Electronic Media.

Personal communication and mass communication.

Jute industry and sugar industry.

10.

Agro based industry and mineral based industry

11.

Metallic Minerals and non-metallic minerals.

12.

Renewable and non-renewable resources.

13.

Alluvial soils and Black soils.

14.

Marine fishing and Inland fishing.

15.

Inundational canal and perennial canal.

16.

Rabi and Kharif crop seasons.

17.

North East Monsoon and South West Monsoon.

18.

Tropical Evergreen Forest and Deciduous Forest.

19.

Weather and Climate.

20.

Western Coastal Plains and Eastern Coastal Plains.

21.

Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats.

22.

Himalayan rivers and Peninsular rivers.

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Answers Key:

Generic 2 Distinguish between

22 x 2 = 44

S.No.	Surface Water	Ground Water
1.	The total surface water potential of the state is about 20,46,788 mcm.	The utilizable groundwater resource of the state is 22,423 mcm.
2.	An area of 24 lakh hectares of land is irrigated by surface water.	About 8875 mcm (40 percent) is the balance available for use.

S.No.	Food Crops	Non - Food Crops
1.	Crops which are cultivated for human consumption are called food crops.	Crops which are cultivated for commercial purposes are called non-food crops
2.	Rice, wheat and millets are food crops.	Sugarcane, tobacco, cotton and jute, etc. are non-food crops.

S.No	Thamirabharani	Cauvery
1.	River Thamirabharani originates from a peak in the Pothigai hills of the Western Ghats above Papanasam in the Ambasamuthram Taluk.	The river Cauvery originates at Talacauvery in the Brahmagiri hilts of Kodagu (Coorgi) district of Karnataka in the Western Ghats.
2.	It courses through the district of Tirunelveli & Thoothukudi.	It has a total length of 805 km of which 416 km falls in Tamil Nadu.
3.	It is the only perennial river in South India.	It is a non-perennial river.
4.	It is fed by the South west & North east monsoon.	It is fed by the North east monsoon.

S.No	Internal trade	International trade
1.	The trade carried on within the domestic territory of a country is internal trade.	International trade refers to trade carried on between two or more countries.
2.	It is also called as Domestic trade or Local trade.	It is also called as External trade or Foreign trade.
3.	Land transport (roadways and railways) plays a major role in this trade.	Waterways and Airways plays a vital role in this type of trade.
4.	Local currency is used in this trade.	Foreign currency is involved in this trade.

S.No	Waterways	Airways
1.	Waterway is the oldest and cheapest means of transport.	Airways are the quickest, costliest, most modern and comfortable means of transport.
2.	It is most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky materials from one country to another.	They carry passengers, freight and mail.
3.	It is a fuel efficient and eco-friendly mode of transport	It is not fuel efficient.
4.	The two types of waterways are inland waterways and ocean waterways.	Domestic Airways and International Airways are the two types of airways.

S.No	Roadways	Railways
1.	Roadways are the cost efficient and most universal mode of transport	Indian railway system is the main artery of the country's inland transport
2.	Construction and maintenance of roads is cheap	Construction and maintenance of railroad is costlier
3.	Bulky goods cannot be transported easily.	Bulky goods can be transported easily.
4.	It is highly suitable for short distance service.	It is highly suitable for both short and long distance service.
5.	Door to door service is possible.	Door to door service is not possible.

S.No	Print Media	Electronic Media
1.	We get information through printed materials.	We get information through electronic gadgets.
2.	It includes newspapers, journals, books, flyers and magazines	It includes radio, television and internet,
3.	Newspapers carry information on local, national and international events to the people.	It broadcasts programmes related to education, information and entertainment.

S.No	Personal communication	Mass communication
1.	The exchange of information between the individuals is called personal communication.	Mass Communication enables millions of people to get the information at the same time.
2.	It includes post and telegraph services, telephone, mobile phone, short message services, fax, internet, e-mail, etc.	It includes radio, television, newspapers etc.
3.	Personal Communication system enables the user to establish direct contact.	Direct contact is not possible.
4.	It helps in the growth of commerce.	It helps to create awareness among the people on national policies and programmes.

S.No	Jute industry	Sugar industry
(1)	Jute is the raw material for jute industry.	Sugarcane is the raw material for sugar industry.
(2)	India is the largest producer of jute goods in the world.	India is the second largest producer of sugarcane in the world.
(3)	This is the second important textile industry in India after cotton textiles.	This is the second largest agro based industry in India after cotton industry.
(4)	The major jute producing state in India is West Bengal	The major sugar producing state in India is Uttar Pradesh.

10.

S.No	Agro-based industry	Mineral-based industry
1.	Agro based industries draw their raw materials from agricultural sector.	Mineral based industries use both metallic and non metallic minerals as raw materials.
2.	The major agro based industry of the country is Cotton Textile industry.	The major mineral based industry of country is the Iron and Steel industry.
(3)	Jute textiles and sugar industries are other agro based industries.	Cement industries and automobile industries are other mineral based industries.
(4)	These industries are located near the area of raw materials cultivation.	These industries are located nearer to the areas where minerals are mixed.

11.

S.No	Metallic minerals	Non-metallic minerals
1.	Metallic minerals contain one or more metallic elements in them.	Non - metallic minerals do not contain metals in them.
2.	Iron, Manganese, Copper, Bauxite, Nickel, Zinc, Lead, Gold, etc are the metallic minerals.	Mica, Limestone, Gypsum, Nitrate, Potash, dolomite, Coal, Petroleum, etc are the non - metallic minerals.

12.

S.No	Renewable Resources	Non-renewable Resources
1.	Renewable resources are the resources that can be regenerated after their utilisation.	Non renewable resources are the resources that cannot be replaced again after utilisation.
2.	The time taken to renew differs from one resource to another.	They are formed over a long geological periods..
3.	Eg: Solar energy, Wind energy. Tidal energy, Bio gas, Wave energy, etc.	Eg: Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas, etc..

13.

S.No.	Alluvial soils	Black soils
1.	Alluvial soils is formed by sediments deposited by streams and rivers.	Black soil is derived from basalts of Deccan trap.
2.	It is sandy-loam-silt-clay.	It is sticky when wet.
3.	Its profile shows no marked differentiation.	It has high degree of moisture retentivity.
4.	Rich in Potash, Phosphoric acid, lime and Carbon compounds.	Rich in Potash lime, Aluminium, Calcium and Magnesium.
5.	Crops like Rice, Wheat, Sugarcane and Oilseeds grow here.	Crops like Cotton, Millets, Tobacco and Sugarcane grow here.

14.

S.No.	Marine or Sea fishing	Inland or Fresh Water fishing
1.	Marine or Sea fishing includes coastal, off- shore and deep sea fisheries mainly on the continental shelf upto a depth of 200 m.	Rivers, lakes, canals, reservoirs, ponds, tanks, etc. are the sources of freshwater and provide freshwater fisheries.
2.	Kerala leads in the marine fish production in India.	Andhra Pradesh leads in the inland fish production in India.
3.	Examples of the marine fishery are: Catfish Mackerels, Tunas, etc.	Examples of the inland fishery are: Rohus,Callas, etc.

15.

S.No.	Inundation canal	Perennial canal
1.	Water is taken out directly from the rivers without making any kind of barrage or dam.	These are developed from perennial rivers by constructing barrage to regulate the flow of water.
2.	Such canals are useful for the diversion of flood water from the rivers. They remain operational during rainy season.	About 60 percent of the canal irrigated area falls in the northern plains of India.

16.

S.No	Rabi crop season	Kharif crop season
1.	The season is from October to March.	The season is from June to September.
2.	Wheat, gram, Rapeseeds, Mustard and Barley are grown in the northern states.	Rice, Cotton, Bajra, Maize, Jowar and Tur are grown in northern states.
3.	Rice, Maize, Ragi, Groundnut and Jowar are grown in southern states.	Rice, Maize, Ragi, Groundnut and Jowar are grown in southern states.
4.	Crops grow in warm weather.	Crops grow in hot weather.

17.

S.No. North-East Monsoon
South West Monsoon
1. Northeast monsoon is experienced in October - December. Southwest monsoon is experienced in
June September. 2. This monsoon is influenced by Coriolis force. This monsoon is influenced by global phenomenon like EINino. 3. The monsoon is caused by storms forming in the Bay of Bengal. The monsoon wind causes 'burst of monsoon'. 4. This monsoon covers the southern states. This monsoon covers the whole country.

18.

S.No.	Tropical evergreen forest	Deciduous forest
1.	Tropical evergreen forests are found in areas with 200 cm or more annual rainfall.	Tropical deciduous forest are found, in the areas with 100 to 200 cm rainfall.
2.	Due to absense of particular dry seasons, trees in the rain forests. They do not shed their leaves altogether, and this why they are called evergreen.	The trees of these forests drop their leaves during the spring and early summer.
3.	The annual temperature is about more than 22^oC.	The mean annual temperature of these region is about 27^oC.
4.	Important trees: Rubber, Mahogany, Ebony, Rosewood,etc.	Important trees: Teak,Sal, Sandal wood, Bamboo,etc.

19.

S.No.	Weather	Climate
1.	Weather refers to the state of atmosphere of a place at a given point of time.	Climate is the accumulation of daily and seasonal weather event of a given location over a period of 30 - 35 years.
2.	Weather of a place may change daily.	Climate of a place remains constant over a long period.

20.

S. No	West Coastal Plains	East Coastal Plains
1.	Western coastal plains lies between the Western Ghats and the Arabian sea.	Eastern coastal plains lies between the Eastern Ghats and the Bay of Bengal.
2.	It extends from Rann of Kutch in the north to Kanyakumari in the south.	It extends from Bengal in the north and Tamilnadu in the south.
3.	The short swift rivers do not make any deltas on the coast.	The large rivers make wide deltas on the eastern coastal plain.
4.	Characterised by sand beaches sand dunes and lagoons.	Formed by the alluvial fillings of the littoral zones by the east flowing rivers.
5.	The northern part of this coast is called the Konkan coast and the southern part is called the Malabar coast.	The northern part of this coast is called North circars and the southern part is called Coromandel coast.

21.

S. No.	Western Ghats	Eastern Ghats
1.	Western Ghats forms the western edge of the Deccan plateau	Eastern Ghats forms the eastern edge of the Deccan plateau.
2.	It runs parallel to the Arabian sea coast.	It runs parallel to the Bay of Bengal.
3.	The northern part of this range is called as Sahyadris.	It is also called as Poorvadri
4.	It is a continuous range.	It is not a continuous range.

22.

S. No	Himalayan Rivers	Peninsular Rivers
1.	Originate from Himalayas	Originate from Western ghats.
2.	Long and wide.	Short and narrow.
3.	Perennial in nature.	Non-perennial in nature.
4.	Unsuitable for hydro power generation.	Suitable for hydro power generation.
5.	Middle and lower courses are navigable.	Not useful for navigation